녹색성장기본법상 지방자치단체의 역할과 과제

Abstract

The government's green growth policy, as one of the key national projects, has received much criticism because of the distinction from traditional climate change measures, the contradiction between environmental protection and industrial development. However, it is pursued as a policy that can respond to climate change and simultaneously support industry by development agenda or roadmaps in OECD, other international organization, and the developing countries. Climate change policies set reduction targets at the national level as a prerequisite of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and it can be understood as a "Top-down" approach based on sectoral and regional policies. Green Growth Policy as a new power for industry growth, "Bottom-up" approach which gives priority to sectoral and regional industrial development is needed with a prerequisite of green industry. This study examines the function and role of local autonomous entities on「Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth」, the status and problems of the municipal ordinances of the Act, and reviews plans for strengthening the autonomy of local autonomous entities to promote green growth. Reviewing the Framework Act and the basic municipal ordinance on Green Growth, it is hard to find specific provisions that regulates the role and functions of local autonomous entities. The Framework Act and the related ordinances regard local autonomous entities as subjects to regulate for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, or passive medium to accept and implement national plans. This phenomenon seems to stem from a perception that central government takes a leading role for green growth policy as a national strategy while local autonomous entities play a role as national co-workers. It is in doubt whether the Framework and the related ordinances are based on "Bottom-up" approach concerning decentralization and local autonomy, because fostering "Green Growth" is important and necessary to develop and to support local industries in the big picture. The "bottom-up" approach for the success of green growth policy must be regarded as an important issue with respect to mitigating the imbalance of regional communities and supporting local industries. In other words, effectiveness of climate change policy must stem from the harmonization between characteristics of sectors and those of regions, and it would be a desirable model for policies at the national level and for legislations based on the harmonization between the "Top-down" approach and the "Bottom-up" approach.