본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

Guanxi, Modernity and Primordializing China

0

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

이 글은 중국적 사회관계와 꽌시(關係)에 관한 기존 연구들이 서구적 모더니티의 전도된 자기이미지에 오염되어 상당한 정도의 허구적 지식을 양산해 왔다는 점을 비판적으로 조명하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 막스 베버(Max Weber)와 페이샤오통(費孝通)을 위시한 일련의 학자들이 남긴 연구를 비판적으로 재고함으로써, 중국적 사회관계에 관한 허구적 지식체계가 그것을 재현하는 이론적 틀과 수사학적 전략의 확연한 변화에도 불구하고 장기적으로 지속되는 과정을 추적한다. 또한 특정한 학문적 담론의 구체적 내용에서 드러나는 분명한 불연속성에도 불구하고 그 근본적인 서사구조는 은밀하게 유지되는 원리를 설명하는 인류학자 아담 쿠퍼(Adam Kuper)의 ‘변환’(transformation) 개념에 입각해서, 그러한 허구적 지식체계가 생산되고 재생산되는 데 작동하는 논리적‧인식론적 기제를 파악한다. 이러한 일련의 비판적 분석과 재고를 통해 중국적 사회관계에 관한 허구적 지식체계가 중국 내외의 정치경제적, 역사적, 지적 환경과 의미심장하게 연동되어 중대한 이데올로기적 효과를 발휘하고 있음을 밝힌다. 마지막으로 그러한 이데올로기적 효과를 ‘중국의 시원화’(始原化, primordializing China)라는 개념을 통해 조명함으로써 중국에 관한 허구적 지식이 현대화 및 세계화 담론과 맞물려 학자들의 중국연구에 심대한 인식론적 영향력을 발휘하고 있음을 드러내고, 그것을 극복할 수 있는 대안적 접근의 방향을 모색한다.

참고문헌 (50)

  1. 費孝通, "志在富民: 中國鄕村考察報告" (2004), 人民出版社
  2. 費孝通, "鄕土中國" (2007), 上海世紀出版集團
  3. Albert, Bruce, "'Ethnographic Situation' and Ethnic Movements: Notes on post-Malinowskian fieldwork", Critique of Anthropology, 17(1) (1997)
  4. Anagnost, Ann, "National Past-Times: Narrative, Representation, and Power in Modern China" (1997), Duke University Press
  5. Appadurai, Arjun, "Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization" (1996), University of Minnesota Press
  6. Auge, Marc, "An Anthropology for Contemporaneous Worlds" (1999), Stanford University Press
  7. Balibar, Etienne, "Race, Nation, Class: Ambiguous Identities" (1991), Verso
  8. Bian, Yanjie, "Guanxi and the Allocation of Urban Jobs in China", The China Quarterly, 140 (1994)
  9. Bo, Yang, "The Ugly Chinaman", Renditions, 23 (1985)
  10. Clifford, James, "Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography" (1986), University of California Press
  11. Dean, Kenneth, "Trajectories: Inter-Asia Cultural Studies" (1998), Routeledge
  12. Douglas, Mary, "The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies" (1990), W. W. Norton
  13. Elliot, Gregory, "Althusser: A Critical Reader" (1994), Blackwell Publishers
  14. Fardon, Richard, "Localizing Strategies: Regional Traditions of Ethnographic Writing" (1990), Scottish Academic Press & Smithsonian Institution Press
  15. Fei, Xiaotong, "Chinese Village Close-Up" (1983), New World Press
  16. Fei, Xiaotong, "From the Soil: The Foundations of Chinese Society" (1992), University of California Press
  17. Freedman, Maurice, "Lineage Organization in Southeast China" (1958), Athlone
  18. Gold, Thomas B., "After Comradeship: Personal Relations in China Since the Cultural Revolution", The China Quarterly, 104 (1985)
  19. Guthrie, Douglas, "The Declining Significance of Guanxi in China's Economic Transition", The China Quartely, 154 (1998)
  20. Hamilton, Gary G., "From the Soil: The Foundations of Chinese Society" (1992), University of California Press
  21. Jacobs, J. Bruce, "Local Politics in a Rural Chinese Cultural Setting: A Field Study of Mazu Township, Taiwan" (1980), Australian National University
  22. Kipnis, Andrew B., "Producing Geauxi: Sentiment, Self, and Subculture in a North China Village" (1997), Duke University Press
  23. Kuper, Adam, "The Invention of Primitive Society: Transformation of an Illusion" (1988), Routledge
  24. Levi-Strauss, Claude, "Structural Anthropology" (1963), Basic Books
  25. Lin, Tongqi, "China in Transformation" (1994), Harvard University Press
  26. Lincoln, Bruce, "Theorizing Myth: Narrative, Ideology, and Scholarship" (1999), The University of Chicago Press
  27. Marcus, George E., "Anthropology as Cultural Critique: An Experimental Moment in the Human Sciences" (1986), University of Chicago Press
  28. Mauss, Marcel, "The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies" (1990), W. W. Norton
  29. Mittleman, James H., "Globalization: Critical Reflection" (1996), Lynne Rienner Publisher
  30. Ong, Aiwa, "The Future of Anthropological Knowledge" (1996), Routledge
  31. Rabinow, Paul, "Reflections on Fieldwork in Morocco" (1977), University of California Press
  32. Sahlins, Marshall, "Stone Age Economics" (1972), Aldine de Gruyter
  33. Sahlins, Marshall, "Cosmologies of Capitalism: The Trans-Pacific Sector of 'the World System'", Proceedings of the British Academy, 74 (1988)
  34. Saussure, Ferdnand, "Course in General Linguistics" (1959), McGraw-Hill
  35. Schafer, Edward H., "What and how is Sinology?", T'ang Studies, 8 (1990)
  36. Schein, Louisa, "Gender and Internal Orientalism in China", Modern China, 23(1) (1997)
  37. Spence, Jonathan D., "The Chan's Great Continent: China in Western Minds" (1998), W. W. Norton & Company
  38. Tu, Wei-ming, "China in Transformation" (1994), Harvard University Press
  39. Tu, Wei-ming, "The Living Tree: The Changing Meaning of Being Chinese Today" (1994), Stanford University Press
  40. Vogel, Ezra F., "China Under Mao: Politics Takes Command" (1966), MIT Press
  41. Walder, Andrew G., "Communist Neo-Traditionalism: Work and Authority in Chinese Industry" (1986), University of California Press
  42. Watson, James, "Golden Arches East: McDonald's in East Asia" (1997), Stanford University Press
  43. Weber, Max, "The Religion of China" (1951), Free Press
  44. Wittfogel, Karl L., "Oriental Despotism: A Comparative Study of Total Power" (1981), Vintage Books
  45. Wood, David, "Derrida and Difference" (1985), Parousia Press
  46. Yang, C. K, "The Religion of China" (1964), Free Press
  47. Yang, Lien-Sheng, "Chinese Thought and Institutions" (1957), The University of Chicago Press
  48. Yang, Mayfair, "Gifts, Favors, and Banquets: The Art of Social Relationships in China" (1994), Cornell University Press
  49. Yang, Mayfair, "The Future of Anthropological Knowledge" (1996), Routledge
  50. Yu, Ying-shih, "China in Transformation" (1994), Harvard University Press

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (14건)