현대중국의 종교정책에 따른 성직자 양성 고찰 - 종교학교[宗教院校]를 중심으로

Abstract

While guaranteeing freedom of religious belief, China strongly interferes and controls religious activities through religious policies. This is because conflicts or incidents caused by religion soon become a threat to the regime. This is because religious issues often escalate into individual human rights issues and ethnic conflicts. In particular, as the training of clergy is directly related to the future of Chinese religion, public systems through religious schools are preferred over autonomous methods of religion itself. Religion in China, which started anew as a socialist country in 1949, was managed by the United War Department under the basic guidelines of guarantee and control. And the original mission of the national religious policy through religious education was carried out from the creation of religious schools in a way to prepare uniform and balanced ranks. Currently, the five major religious associations approved by the Chinese government have established Buddhist Institutes (Buddhism), Taoist Institutes (Taoism), China Islamic Institutes (Islam), China Catholic Institutes (Catholics), and China Theological Institutes (Christians) to train religious people. These religious schools Its role is gradually increasing according to the direction of the government‘s religious policy. Through the recently announced 「Religious Academies Administration and Judgment Law」, we can read the intention of the Chinese government to unify and formalize the training of religious people through religious schools.