군종목사는 군대에서 어떤 상담자인가? -미군 군종목사의 상담자 역할과 동향 분석을 통하여-
What Kind of Counselor is A Military Chaplain? -centering around the US. Military Chaplain’s Role and Tendency Analysis
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이 연구는 문헌연구로서 미군 군종목사의 상담자 역할과 동향 분석을 통해 한국군 군종목사가 군대에서 어떤 상담자로 임무를 수행해야 하는가를 모색하고자 하는 것이다. 군종목사는 ‘군복을 입은 성직자’라는 군인과 목사의 이중적 지위에서 근래에는 ‘군인,’ ‘목사,’ ‘상담자’라는 삼중적 지위로 인식될만큼 상담적 임무가 부각되고 있다. (1) 미군은 종교연락장교로서 군종목사의 상담자 역할을 강조하는 추세이다. 미군 군종목사의 종교 연락장교 임무는 한국군과는 상황이 많이 다르지만 한국군 군종목사들도 대민업무에서 더욱 전문성이 강조된 상담자로서 종교관련 민사업무를 담당할 수 있어야 한다. (2) 심리영적 치유를 위한 상담자로서 군종목사는 불안, 공포가 팽배한 군의 극한 상황에서 장병들의 심리영적 문제를 해결하여 비전투손실을 막고, 전투력 증강에 기여하는 역할과 기능을 담당하는 존재이다. (3) 복음전도를 위한 상담자로서 군종목사는 장병들에게 상담능력을 발휘하여 위로와 안위를 제공함으로써 기독교에 대한 호의를 갖고 기독교신앙을 수용하도록 목사 고유의 임무수행을 할 수 있다. 군종목사는 공식적으로 복음을 전하는 존재로 인정되고 있으므로 예배와 설교에서는 물론, 상담을 통해 목사 고유의 사명감당 기회, 전도의 기회, 구원 사역의 기회를 포착해야 한다. 연구자는 군종목사의 상담역량 강화방안으로 군에서 CPE가 더욱 강조, 강화되어야 하고, 양성과정(초군반)이나 직무능력향상과정(고군반)에 상담관련 과목과 교육시간의 확장 등 상담자교육 및 임상 훈련을 더욱 체계화해야 한다는 것을 강조하였다. 아울러 군종목사들이 상담학회와 연계하여 임상 지원체계에 따라 수련감독급 상담사들로부터 수련받는 것을 바람직한 방안으로 제시하였으며, 미군처럼 재직 중에 역량강화 방안의 일종으로 군종목사가 상담관련 자격을 취득하도록 지원할 것을 제안하였다.
Abstract
This paper aims to clarify the identification and role of military chaplains as a counselor. Chaplains were emphasized in their roles as counselors in addition to their role as officers and pastors. (1) There is a growing trend in the US military to emphasize the counseling role of chaplains as religious liaison officer. While the role of chaplains between the US military and the Korean military differs significantly, but Korean military chaplains should also be capable to taking charge of civil affairs related to religion as counseling experts with more expertise in civil affairs. (2) It has been revealed that chaplains, as counseling specialists for psycho-spiritual therapy, play a crucial role in resolving the psycho-spiritual issues of soldiers. (3) As counselors for evangelism, chaplains are officially recognized as agents of evangelism, so they should seize opportunities in counseling to fulfill their pastoral calling, engage in evangelism, and the ministry of salvation. The researcher emphasized the need to further strengthen CPE as a means to enhance the counseling capabilities of chaplains. The researcher also highlighted the importance of clinical training. There was a proposal to support chaplains in acquiring counseling-related qualifications similar to the approach in the US military by providing support for obtaining counseling credentials during their active duty.
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