북한 문학자들의 소련기행과 전후 소련의 이식

Abstract

The Policies of the Soviet Union on the economic development, education, ethnics, propaganda, and literature and arts during the “recovery period after World War Ⅱ” were introduced to North Korea in detail through travelogues of Yi Chan, Yi Gi-yeong and Han Seor-ya in 1946, 1947 and 1949 r spectively. Yi Chan introduced Zhdanov’s report in detail, contributing to establish the backbone of North Korean literature and arts policies afterwards. He also introduced the movement of “popularization of arts,” led by the Writers’ Federation of the Soviet Union, and North Korea resembling this movement has campaigned “mass’ cultural works” and “circle movement” of literature and arts. Yi Gi-yeong described the literature and arts’ policies of the Soviet Union for assisting the post-war recovery plan, and suggested the socialist competition and propagation on working heros or heroines as a g uide to mobilize the mass for nation-building in North Korea. Han Seor-ya discovered “new type of Korean” from the “socialist type of people”, that is, thinking positively his own future and dedicating for the socialistic economic construction, propagated extensively by the Soviet Union. Above all, the “socialist patriotism”, a core issue in propagation and agitation works after World War Ⅱ in the Soviet Union, was introduced to North Korea actively via their travelogues, and was utilized in establishing literature principle of North Korea, “lofty realism”and “lofty patriotism”. They also adopted the personality cult of Stalin to propagate Kim Il-sung as the only leader in Korea as well as a role model of patriotism. They wished to establish people’s democratic state successfully, imitating the Soviet Union, in North Korea. Therefore, they imitated education, propaganda, and literature and arts policies of the Soviet Union throughly. In this way, North Korea literati in the literature formation era implanted Soviet literature and arts policies to North Korea learned through travelogues, and made a basis for the principle of propagation and literature creation works, which would be prevailed for a long time.