우계 시가의 특질 연구

Abstract

The scholar Ugye is famous for being a Neo-Confucian and a writer. He wrote the renowned Sijo representing Sijo of the 16th century, which is now a national heritage. In the history of Sijo, his exquisite Neo-Confucian Sijo demonstrates the culmination of literary aesthetics. His Sijo is characterized by his underlying ‘Neo-Confucian life’. They are relatively unique works from Toegye’s “Twelve Songs of Dosan” and Yulgok’s “Nine Songs of Gosan,” and he is a scholarly writer who enhanced the status of the early Joseon Dynasty’s Sijo aesthetic by embodying the academic interpretation of Neo-Confucianism and political ideology in his works. The world of aesthetics in Ugye’s Sijo becomes clearer when analyzed in a structural way. His poetry’s excellence is even more evident in the nature and beauty of his Sijo beyond his Chinese poems and their world, given the subjective methodology of objectifying and interpreting the Neo-Confucianism of the Joseon Dynasty which pursued the discipline of kingship. In Joseon’s history of poems and pictures, Ugye had a special affection for talented writers. One example was, “When Ugye Seong Hon became a vice minister of the Ijo, he felt sorry that Im Je was in a low position with great talent, so he talked to him and tried to appoint him to a high position because he thought Im Je had the spirit out of dust of the mundane world.” This shows his character as a scholar-politician based on the spirit of a literary man who evaluated Baekho Im Je’s Chinese poems and his character and provided a position suitable for his ability. Ugye’s Sijo is different from that of Ganghohanjeong. In his representative work, “A green mountain is silent and a flow of water is shapeless/ A green wind is priceless and a bright moon is without an owner/ Among these, this body without disease will grow old without worrying”, he used Jeokbyeokbu by So Dongpa, the great poet of the Song Dynasty, as a material. He heightened the poetic atmosphere by bringing the expression of Jeokbyeokbu, which was the background material, as the source of the middle line, and used the core ideas and atmosphere of Jeokbyeokbu as auxiliary ideas. In other words, he raised the question of the philosophical nature of the universe including the essence of human existence by bringing Jeokbyeokbu, a classic poem in the East, to a representative poetic language or poetic spirit in the middle line, and it showed his novelty of using a technique that thoroughly deepened and expanded the meaning that could not be fully expressed in the short poem form of Sijo. He showed an ideology of good politics using the poetic language “Iljanghwaseomong” in an ancient event in the chapter of ‘Huangdi’ in Leizi. The poetic language “Hwaseomong” in “Iljanghwaseomong” expresses the political philosophical meaning through fables, which is distinguished from the idiomatic poetic language of “Iljangchunmongryu”. The main meaning of this fable is that the emperor first struggled to rule the country for his own sake, but neither his health nor his politics went well, but then he visited Hwaseo’s country in his dream and realized the highest political method. Through this poem, Ugye shows that supreme politics means everything is governed by itself only when the rulers give up their self-interest and reach a state of indifference and inaction without any action, which creates an exquisite fusion of Neo-Confucian ideology and Daoist behavior. In other words, he showed a critical attitude toward the negative aspects of political ethics caused by excessive artificial manipulation and ultimately the alternatives to it with a high-level political philosophy that goes with the flow. As such, the ultimate goal of Ugye’s poetic spirit is not a simple return to nature or hermit-like self-sufficiency, but a literary statement about political reality. Ugye, a Neo-Confucian scholar and outstanding writer who actively expressed his political ideology through Sijo, showed the excellence of literature onto which was grafted and embodied the political ideology based on Neo-Confucianism by creatively achieving a poetic structuring towards high level of poem in the history of Chinese poems and Sijo. The significance of Ugye’s Sijo in the history of literature is that, as a Neo-Confucian scholar, he unfolded the true values ​​of life through literature and education, and presented an ideological view on politics in the form of an independent literary world.