생활주제에 따른 심리운동 프로그램이 발달지체유아의 동작활동 능력과 사회적 기술 향상에 미치는 효과

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effects of psychomotor program on the improvement of activities and social skills of children with developmental delay. More specific purposes of this study are as follows; First, this study investigates the specific effects of the improvement of activities based on psychomotor program according to various daily life tasks performed by children with developmental delays. Second, this study investigates the specific effects of the improvement of social skills based on psychomotor program according to various daily life tasks performed by children with developmental delays. This observational study was conducted with children with developmentally delays attending public and private kindergartens located in N and J cities, Jeollabuk province. A group of 40 children was either in experimental or control group according to chronological age (CA), intelligence quotient (K-WPPSI-Ⅲ), adaptive behavior quotient (KISE-SAB), which was calculated based on children’s intelligence quotient, adaptive behavior quotient, and sociality quotient. A pretest-posttest design was used in evaluating the effects of the psychomotor program. The psychomotor program is derived from the theory and practice of psychomotor promotion of children (R. Zimmer, 1993) which is related to active topics included in health and social areas of kindergarten curriculum to improve children’s work activities and social skills. For this study, the program was modified based on study interests and features of children with disabilities. This research study applied MOT 4-6(Motoriktest fur vier- bis sechsjahrige kinder) to evaluate the physical education and coordination proficiency of the psychomotor program. In addition, the Rating System-Teacher Form Elementary Level (SSRS) was used to evaluate the acquisition of interpersonal skills. The study was conducted over a period of 16 weeks from October, 2010 to January 2011 at the gym of the kindergarten in N city. The study consisted of 32 sessions and each session took 30 minutes. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 19.0) was used to analyze the effects of the psychomotor program in this study. The results of this research study were as follows First, the psychomotor program had positive effects on the activities of children with developmental delays. Second, the psychomotor program showed positive effects on social skills of children with developmental delays. Future studies need to further examine a variety of skills which can be used in the psychomotor program. Thus, the program can help developmentally delayed children develop necessary skills both physically and interpersonally. Furthermore, a collaborative effort of parents and researchers need to develop a comprehensive list of general, necessary skills for the success of children with developmental delays in both home and school environments.