한국전쟁기 피란민의 부산 정착과정과 정부정책 고찰

Abstract

This study examines the overall process of how refugees settled in Busan from the time when the refugees first flowed into Busan, the capital of refugees, after the outbreak of the Korean War in relation to government policy. Busan served as the government's refugee capital for about a thousand days, and as refugees rushed to Busan, the government sent 「An Introductory Guide to Refugees」 and 「A Guide to Refugees and Relief Guides」 in order to disperse the population concentration in Busan. The policy of ' However, even after the policy promulgation, the concentration of refugees in Busan remained, and as of 1951, Busan's population reached about 850,000, a whopping 370,000 more than before the war. To the refugees who rushed to Busan in this way, the government promulgated the 「Act on Temporary Measures for Refugee Accommodation」 and amendments on August 4, 1950, in consideration of the emergency, to temporarily promote refugee accommodation and relief, and the spatial scope of receiving refugees belongs to It was made possible not only for the property, but also for other houses, inns, fairies and other buildings. The city of Busan also issued an occupancy order in the name of the Minister of Social Affairs for houses that could afford to accommodate refugees to accommodate them, and asked the villagers to provide them with empty rooms or at least a village mill. On the other hand, it was found that in Busan, not only the government policy, but also the individual level of the indigenous people of Busan voluntarily carried out the 'Give up a room movement' for the refugees. Regarding the food distribution side, Busan City made rice balls when refugees first came, but after a week passed, food ration was provided for 3 hops of grain and 50 won for side dishes per person per day. After that, the UN Korea Reconstruction Agency (UNKRA), which consisted of relief funds, managed aid funds during the war and rescued refugees and homeless people through active activities, and the UN Civil Aid Investigation Command (UNCACK) provided relief materials to the refugees. However, the refugees who were in the camps for housing as well as food distribution were able to get some food, but most refugees had to build their own shacks or huts to make a living. As a result, shantytowns were concentrated in Kukje Market and Yongdusan Mountain, and an average of 3 to 4 fires a day occurred in Busan during this time. Whenever there was a fire, especially the shanty town, it was destroyed in one day. However, the refugees did not sit there or give up their lives, and it can be said that the hard work and sacrifice of passion and sacrifice played a very important role as a very important worker in revitalizing the current Busan economy.