A Preliminary Conceptualization of the Functions of Social Assistance: From Poor Relief to Social Investment
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Social assistance has become a key social protection program in the post-war era. During the last several decades, social assistance provisions have been modified and expanded to serve various social goals. However, typology of social assistance has so far been limited to ideological discourses based on the poverty regimes of the advanced welfare capitalism. Moreover, despite the complexity and diversity of social assistance around the world, its variations, types and functions have not been properly discussed. As a result, very few practical implications of social assistance, if any, can be found in previous typology studies. The purpose of this study is to conceptualize functions of social assistance in the course of constructing a comprehensive typology of social assistance. It discusses the functions of social assistance in a historical and global context. It then seeks to conceptualize various functions of social assistance based on recent innovations and developments in social assistance. In doing so, this study addresses the potential for social assistance to positively impact the four major welfare objectives of: poor relief, poverty alleviation, poverty prevention, and social investment. The purported conceptualization would not only serve to enrich discussions of the typology of social assistance, but also provide implications for further studies on the development of Korea's National Basic Livelihood Security System.
Abstract
Social assistance has become a key social protection program in the post-war era. During the last several decades, social assistance provisions have been modified and expanded to serve various social goals. However, typology of social assistance has so far been limited to ideological discourses based on the poverty regimes of the advanced welfare capitalism. Moreover, despite the complexity and diversity of social assistance around the world, its variations, types and functions have not been properly discussed. As a result, very few practical implications of social assistance, if any, can be found in previous typology studies. The purpose of this study is to conceptualize functions of social assistance in the course of constructing a comprehensive typology of social assistance. It discusses the functions of social assistance in a historical and global context. It then seeks to conceptualize various functions of social assistance based on recent innovations and developments in social assistance. In doing so, this study addresses the potential for social assistance to positively impact the four major welfare objectives of: poor relief, poverty alleviation, poverty prevention, and social investment. The purported conceptualization would not only serve to enrich discussions of the typology of social assistance, but also provide implications for further studies on the development of Korea's National Basic Livelihood Security System.
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