조선시대 승가의 수행경향에 관한 연구

Abstract

This paper is intended to discuss the performance trends of Sangha [僧 伽] in the Joseon dynasty. If you look at the history of Seon-buddhism of Korea, five groups of China [五家] are generally introduced in the early Goryeo dynasty. Above all, Taego-bou, who lived under King Gongmin [恭 愍王], studied abroad Yuan [元] and met Linji-School [臨濟宗]'s 18th master, Seokok-Cheonggong (石屋淸珙, 1272~1352), Taego-Bou (太古普 愚, 1301~1382) followed his teaching. Returning to Goryeo is considered as a great opportunity to change Korea's Seon-buddhism [禪佛敎]. After entering Goryeo, Seonmun [禪門] is believed that while accepting the Chinese Seon studied by Zinul (知訥, 1158~1210), it established its own learning. It is also significant in that his thought later determined the direction of the Joseon Dynasty's Seon. In the early years of Goryeo, most of the ancestors belonging to Gusan-Seonmun [九山禪門] tended to be a fusion of teaching [敎] and seon [禪]. This trend leads to a characteristic of the later generations of Korean Buddhism. Therefore, Cheonghe-Hewjung (淸虛休靜, 1520~1604), which was located at the center of Seon during the Joseon dynasty, taught GanhwaSeon [看話禪] to be the main performance, it accepted many sutras, including Hwaeom [華嚴]. His thought was more likely to be carried out without ruling out any other practices, including Yeombul [念佛]. In this way, Joseon's Seon thought have been inherited by adding Zinul to the Gusan-Seonmun [九山禪門], and combining ancient ideas with one another. In other words, this trend that led to the idea of the correspondence of teaching [敎] and seon [禪] through Seongaguigam (禪家龜鑑) has been continuing to this day. In addition to carrying out Ganhwa-Seon, the attendants of the Joseon Dynasty, along with Jeongto-yeombul [淨土念佛], must have taught all performances of cheongkyeong (聽經), gankyeong (看 經) and incantation (持呪) in according to their level.