원 제국의 다르칸 제도가 고려에 유입된 양상 - 고려 후기 金汝盂 功臣敎書의 분석을 중심으로

Abstract

This article reviews the contents of the meritorious contributor document given to Yeo-woo Kim in the late Goryeo dynasty and examines the history of King Chungnyeol (reign: 1274-1308) granting immunity to the meritorious subject by accepting the Yuan Empire's Darqan system. This piece is one of the few documents remaining from the late Goryeo dynasty, is of significant historical value, and was studied separately. This article compares the results of the two studies to develop a more accurate reading of the document. Kim received the meritorious contributor document from King Chungnyeol while Kim was his attendant when he visited the Yuan Empire to marry the daughter of Qubilai (reign: 1260-1294) to ultimately strengthen his sovereign power. The document states that King Chungryeol, who was influenced by the Yuan Empire in many ways, implemented measures to grant immunity to Yeo-woo Kim by utilizing the Darqan system. He decided not to punish him until he had committed the same crime nine times and to then punish him beginning with his commission of the tenth crime. This procedure was linked to the title of Darqan, an honor which was bestowed on meritorious subjects during the Mongol-Yuan period who saved Genghis Khan’s life. King Chungryeol introduced the concept of Darqan when he presented the document to Kim. The Darqan system, adopted by King Chungryeol from the Yuan Empire, continued to be influential in indulging meritorious subjects in the late Goryeo dynasty and even into the Joseon dynasty. This system’s influence shows how the unique Mongol-Yuan system influenced the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties. However, this influence was only possible because of the relationship formed between the Goryeo dynasty and the Yuan Empire during the reign of King Chungryeol.