세형동검문화기 요양지역 소위 ‘연’ 무덤의 출현과 그 배경

Abstract

According to the ancient records, the Zhongyuan(中原) power, represented by Yan state(燕國), advanced into Northeast China during the Late Warring States Period, built the Great Wall to the Liaodong(遼東) region, and established the Liaodong Commandery(遼東郡). However, due to fragmentary records in the literature, there has been controversy over when the Zhongyuan forces entered the Liaodong region and whether the Liaodong Commandery was actually established during the Warring States Period. Archaeologically, it has even been argued that Yan state had already entered that region during the Middle Warring States period. This article conducts an archaeological analysis of the Tomb of Xuwangzi(徐往 子) and Xincheng(新城), also known as the Tomb of Yan state, which was found in Liaoyang(遼陽) area that is considered to be a Liaodong Commandery’s center during the Yan(燕)·Qin(秦)·Han(漢) period. As a result, it was determined that the tomb of Xuwangzi was constructed at the end of the Warring States Period, before the fall of Yan state, and the tomb of Xincheng was constructed in the period from the Qin unification to the beginning of the Former Han(前漢) after the fall of Yan. Although the Tomb of the Xuwangzi was constructed during the chaotic period of Yan state, but there was likely established a Yan stronghold in the Liaoyang area before then. The Tomb of the Xincheng is difficult to identify as tombs of Yan state, but it was also constructed by the Zhongyuan force during the period of the Qin·Han. It is believed that the presence of Yan ruins and tombs in the Liaoyang area from Warring States Period to the Qin·han period is due to the fact that the area was strategically important as a stronghold place for the Liaodong Commandery.