난민위기와 유럽통합
Refugee Crisis and European Integration
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초록
난민의 대거 유입으로 유럽은 전대미문의 위기 상황을 경험하고 있다. 난민문제에 대한 해법을 둘러싸고 유럽국가들 간에 심각한 의견 충돌과 분열이 발생했으며 각국 내에서도 일촉즉발의 사회적 긴장이 조성되고 있다. EU 회원국 간에 난민 수용의 비용 분담을 둘러싼치열한 논쟁이 이어졌으며, 각 회원국 내에서 제노포비아 현상이 확산되면서 극우파 정치세력이 부상해 민주주의, 인권, 법치, 문화적 포용성 등의 유럽적 가치가 위협받고 있다. 극우세력의 급속한 성장세는 EU 여러 회원국에서 유럽의회 선거, 총선, 지방선거 등에서의극우정당의 약진으로 이어지고 있다. 2008년 글로벌 금융위기 발생 이후 아직도 진행 중인 대불황(Great Recession)의 여파와 함께 난민위기는 유럽의 불확실성을 증폭시키고 있다.
Abstract
Europe is under an acute crisis situation due to the explosive increase in the refugee inflow since 2015. It not only strains the operation of European Union and the relationship among its member states, who differ with each other on how to cope this unprecedentedevent that has unfolded at an alarming speed and unbearable magnitude, it also triggers backlash at the domestic politics leading to the rise of right-extremist parties in a number of member states. Great recession, which started in 2008 and still has lingering effects on several weak economies of Europe, further complicates the European political landscape that is already in turmoil.
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