'박물관의 유럽화'를 통한 유럽의 문화 정치
European Cultural Politics through the Europeanization of Museums
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본 연구는 유럽연합 주도하에 본격적으로 추진되고 있는 ‘박물관의 유럽화’를 통하여 기존에 민족국가 단위로 분할된 담론과 인식의 경계를 넘어서 유럽 공동체 차원의 문화, 역사, 정체성을 본격적으로 공식화 및 제도화시켜가고 있는 오늘날 유럽의 문화 정치를 분석한다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구는 2010년 룩셈부르크에서 개관한 유럽쉥겐박물관(European Museum Schengen)과 2017년 벨기에 브뤼셀에서 개관한 유럽역사의 집(House of European History)이 유럽공동체 차원의 문화, 역사, 그리고 정체성을 구성하기 위한 박물관의 유럽화를 본격적으로 추진하는 데 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있다고 주장한다. 유럽연합의 주도하에 하향식 유럽화를 통해서 만들어진 이러한 박물관들이 과거에 민족국가 단위로 운영되던 박물관을 중심으로 전시되어 온 문화, 서술되어온 역사, 구성되어온 정체성을 점진적으로 유럽 차원의 것들로 재구성해가고 있는 것을 보여주고자 한다. 또한, 이러한 박물관의 유럽화 과정에서 전개되는 다양한 문화적 갈등과 기억의 투쟁을 통해서 오늘날 유럽 문화 정치의 동학의 일면을 살펴보고자 한다.
Abstract
This study aims at exploring the ‘Europeanization of museums’ in terms of cultural politics. The Europeanization of museums represents a series of initiatives led by the European Union to formalize and institutionalize the European culture, history, and identity beyond the national boundaries of discourses and perceptions. I argue that the European Museum Schengen in Luxembourg and the House of European History in Brussels have played significant roles in the construction of European culture, history and identity through the Europeanization of museums. These museums built upon the leadership of the European Union are gradually reconstructing the European culture, history and identity, which were originally formed by the European nation-states of the past. In this light, this study also shows the current dynamics of European cultural politics based on various cultural conflicts and struggles in the process of the Europeanization of museums.
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