개발도상국의 지식재산권 보호와 외국인직접투자 관계 분석
The Analysis of Relationship between IPRs Protection and inward FDI in Developing Countries
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초록
개발도상국의 지식재산권 보호가 외국인직접투자 유입에 미치는 영향에 대해서 실증적으로 분석하였다. OECD 30개국과 93개 개발도상국 자료를 이용하여 중력모형을 통해 분석한 결과 개발도상국의 지식재산권 보호 정도와 외국인직접투자 유입 사이에는 양(+)의 상관관계가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 개발도상국의 지식재산권 보호 정도가 강할수록 선진국으로부터 외국인직접투자 유입이 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 보다 강력한 지식재산권 보호 제도 및 법 체계를 가진 개발도상국일수록 선진국으로부터 직접투자가 더 많이 유입될 가능성이 있다는 사실을 의미한다. 그러므로 본 연구의 결과로부터 도출 가능한 정책적 함의는 개발도상국이 외국인직접투자 유치를 통해 경제성장을 달성하기 위해서는 최소한의 지식재산권 보호 수준과 효과적인 지식재산권 보호 체계를 정립할 필요가 있다는 것이다.
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of intellectual property rights(IPRs) on inward foreign direct investment(FDI). The main concern of the paper is empirically to examine whether or not strong IPRs protection of developing countries can attract FDI from developed countries. Using the outward FDI data of 30 OECD source countries for 93 developing countries by gravity model the paper found that strong IPRs in developing countries can attract FDI from developed countries. The positive relationship between the strong IPRs and inward FDI shows that developing countries with stringent IPRs regimes tend to receive more FDI from advanced countries. Because the strong IPRs protection can mitigate the threat of imitation and technology leakage, foreign investors having the advanced technology seem to invest more in developing countries with stringent IPRs regimes. The other control variables such that economic size measured by GDP, linguistic tie, and border between OECD and developing countries appear to be statistically significant in explaining the FDI inflows. These results represent that large market size, linguistic tie, and common border between developed source and developing host countries can contribute to attract more FDI in host counties. However, the distance between 30 OECD source and 93 host countries has a negative impact on FDI inflow in developing countries. The policy implication can be drawn is that in order to achieve the economic growth by attracting FDI from advanced economies it is essential for developing countries to meet the critical IPRs protection level and need to have the effective IPRs regimes.
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