영산재의 구조와 설행 및 사상과 인식

Abstract

This writing considers the structure, practice, thoughts and perception of Yeongasnjae(靈山齊, Vulture Peak ritual) with the discussion developed by categorizing it as the formation period and the transformation period. Firstly, there are two types of the ritual oration(儀文) during its establishment : Jakbeob jeolcha(作法節次, the procedure for the rules of practice)(1496) which is the pure ritual oration of Beopseok(法席, Dharma seat), and Gongyangmun(供養文, the ritual program for offering) and Yeongasnjakbeop(靈山作法, the rule of practice for Vulture Peak ritual) which are Jebanmun(諸般文, the outline of Buddhist Rituals). In the former, five kinds of Geobul(擧佛, bowing and calling the name of Buddha in front of the Buddha statues) appear after cleaning and decorating Practice hall and afterwards, they chant its relevant scriptures and pray. The latter is Yeongasnjakbeop, which has appeared since the middle of the 17th century, and only Geobul of Beophwa beopseok remains and the name was also changed from Jakbeob jeolcha to Yeongasnjakbeop. Secondly, Yeongasnjae in its transformation period, as seen in Jakbeobkwigam (The example of the rules of practice)(1826), is more focused on the offering rituals rather than Beopseok. The name of Youngsanjae is given to the ceremony in which Siwang gakbae(十王各拜, one type of the rites for The ten kings of hell) was added to Yeongasnjakbeop. Youngsanjae isn’t practiced in accordance with the ritual oration, but it is said to be because that it is practiced mainly on cultural aspect due to its nature as a national intangible cultural property. Thirdly, Yeongsanjae mainly contains the ideas of antarrābhava(中有, the intermediate existence), the Virtue(Guna), the reincarnation and the ancestral worship, and the idea that Saddharmapuṇḍarīka Sūtra(法華經, The Lotus Sutra) is the King of all sutras and the idea of Saddharmapuṇḍarīka Sūtra. There are different understandings of Practice hall and Siryeon(侍輦, the rite of serving a sedan chair). There are few cases in which they understands and accepts that the essence of Youngsanjae is the chanting of the Buddhist scriptures, and even the fact that Yeongsanjae is Sasibgugae(四十九齋, the ritual for the deceased in forty ninth day) seems to have been testified only in history.