효종의 북벌정책과 나선정벌의 역사적 성격에 대한 재검토

Abstract

After acceding to the throne, the King Hyojong with his eight-years-long experience at Chung Dynasty as a hostage carried forward a scheme to attack Chung Dynasty, which was a bit more radical than his father the King Injo's ‘pro-Myung and anti-Chung’ policy. However, the King Hyojong, as he succeeded the throne without the right of primogeniture, strengthened his power centering around the regular army and the Royal Guards, which was called Geum-Gun. Moreover, in an attempt to avoid the surveillance of Chung Dynasty, he carried Young-Jang system into effect, in that the soldiers only in Jeonla, ChungCheong, Kyungsang provinces were arduously trained. In the meantime, a border dispute between Russia and Chung Dynasty broke out and Chung Dynasty demanded the dispatch of forces to Chosun Dynasty. Thereupon, Chosun Dynasty sent troops composed of 100 to 200artillerymen twice. These artillerymen who were highly skillful at marksmanship drove back the Russian army in association with Chung Dynasty, which we call the Conquest of Nasun. However, it should be admitted that the Conquest of Nasun was not a large-scale warfare such as the Japanese Invasion of Chosun in 1592 and Chung Dynasty's Assault at Byungja Year, but simply one or two-days-long combats. And the forces sent were recruited with fifteen rolls of cotton cloth per solider with oppression of Chung Dynasty. Also Chosun sent the troops by Chung Dynasty's compulsion. Considering these facts, some might think the Conquest of Nasun doesn't seem so memorable. But it was the first combat won facing the enemies of west. Also, we acquired new rifle and showed our superiority of our combat capability, not to mention the eased border tension between Russia, Chung Dynasty and Chosun. Therefore, we should reconsider the Conquset of Nasun, which we degraded as a dispatch of troops in small scale and finished in short term only.