Hebrews 12:22-29 Revisited: A Study of a Warning Passage
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Hebrews 12:22-29 Revisited: A Study of a Warning Passage Ho Hyung Cho (Chongshin University) There are important warning passages in the letter to the Hebrews. Scholars have debated various issues on the passages; how to define their range, who the passages are for, what would happen to the recipients of the letter after they fail to heed the warnings, and so on. As is generally known, the recipients of the passages, who had been believers, were standing at the crossroads of departing from the Christians faith. Furthermore, the passages vividly describe that if believers do not heed the warnings, they will not be forgiven. That is why the scholars in theological traditions such as Calvinism and Arminianism make statements on the passages from their own theological perspectives. In this paper I investigate 12:25-29 (one of the warning passages in Hebrews) through an exegetical and theological approach together with 12:22-24, which plays a role as a stepping stone for 12:25-29. The author of Hebrews emphasizes believers’ identities in 12:22-24 and their expected actions in 12:25-29. First, I explore the passage from an exegetical perspective: in order to make the readers realize their greater privilege, the author presents the blessings to be enjoyed by them. The blessings under the new covenant are too great to compare with the things under the old covenant. The readers have a greater privileged status than those who were under the old covenant. Also, the readers have a greater obligation than the latter. Bringing the readers into the sphere of accountability, the author exhorts them to persevere in their pilgrimage to “the city that is to come” (13:14), giving thanksgiving and acceptable worship to God and in their lives. Second, I examine the theological aspects of the passage: the passage is given to true believers in order that they do not remain in sin, that is, apostasy. The author of Hebrews admonishes that even though they have received a greater privilege, if they do not heed the warning, they will go astray from the faith in Christ. In this sense, the warning passage plays a prominent role in persevering to the finish line of salvation. True believers rightly respond to the guidepost not to go astray from the faith in Christ.
Abstract
Hebrews 12:22-29 Revisited: A Study of a Warning Passage Ho Hyung Cho (Chongshin University) There are important warning passages in the letter to the Hebrews. Scholars have debated various issues on the passages; how to define their range, who the passages are for, what would happen to the recipients of the letter after they fail to heed the warnings, and so on. As is generally known, the recipients of the passages, who had been believers, were standing at the crossroads of departing from the Christians faith. Furthermore, the passages vividly describe that if believers do not heed the warnings, they will not be forgiven. That is why the scholars in theological traditions such as Calvinism and Arminianism make statements on the passages from their own theological perspectives. In this paper I investigate 12:25-29 (one of the warning passages in Hebrews) through an exegetical and theological approach together with 12:22-24, which plays a role as a stepping stone for 12:25-29. The author of Hebrews emphasizes believers’ identities in 12:22-24 and their expected actions in 12:25-29. First, I explore the passage from an exegetical perspective: in order to make the readers realize their greater privilege, the author presents the blessings to be enjoyed by them. The blessings under the new covenant are too great to compare with the things under the old covenant. The readers have a greater privileged status than those who were under the old covenant. Also, the readers have a greater obligation than the latter. Bringing the readers into the sphere of accountability, the author exhorts them to persevere in their pilgrimage to “the city that is to come” (13:14), giving thanksgiving and acceptable worship to God and in their lives. Second, I examine the theological aspects of the passage: the passage is given to true believers in order that they do not remain in sin, that is, apostasy. The author of Hebrews admonishes that even though they have received a greater privilege, if they do not heed the warning, they will go astray from the faith in Christ. In this sense, the warning passage plays a prominent role in persevering to the finish line of salvation. True believers rightly respond to the guidepost not to go astray from the faith in Christ.
참고문헌 (47)
- Allen, David L., "Hebrews" (2010), B&H Publishing Group
- Attridge, Harold W., "The Epistle to the Hebrews: A Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews" (1989), Fortress Press
- Beale, G. K., "The Temple and the Church’s Mission: A Biblical Theology of the Dwelling Place of God" (2004), Apollos: InterVarsity Press
- Bertram, George, "Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, 7", pp.65~70 (1964), Eerdmans
- Black, David Alan, "It’s Still Greek to Me: An Easy to Understand Guide to Intermediate Greek" (1998), Baker Academic
- Blass, Friedrich, "A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature" (1961), University of Chicago Press
- Bornkamm, GÜnther, "Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, 7", pp.196~200 (1964), Eerdmans
- Brooks, James A., "Syntax of New Testament Greek" (1979), University Press of America
- Bruce, F. F., "Hebrews, NICNT" (1990), Eerdmans
- Campbell, Constantine R., "Basics of Verbal Aspect in Biblical Greek" (2008), Zondervan
- Cockerill, Gareth Lee, "Four Views on the Warning Passage in Hebrews", pp.257~292 (2007), Kregel
- Craddock, Fred B., "Hebrews, The New Interpreter’s Bible 12" (1998), Abingdon Press
- DeSilva, David Arthur, "Perseverance in Gratitude: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary on the Epistle “to the Hebrews”", pp.2000, Eerdmans
- Eaton, Michael, "No Condemnation: A New Theology of Assurance" (1995), InterVarsity
- Ellingworth, Paul, "The Epistle to the Hebrews: A Commentary on the Greek Text, NIGTC", pp.1993, Eerdmans
- Fanning, Buist M., "Four Views on the Warning Passage in Hebrews", pp.172~219 (2007), Kregel
- Fanning, Buist M., "Verbal Aspect in New Testament Greek, Oxford Theology and Religion" (1991), Clarendon Press
- Gleason, Randall C., "Four Views on the Warning Passage in Hebrews", pp.336~377 (2007), Kregel
- Grudem, Wayne, "Still Sovereign: Contemporary Perspective on Election, Foreknowledge, and Grace", pp.133~182 (2000), Baker Academic
- Guthrie, Donald, "The letter to the Hebrews: An Introduction and Commentary, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries", pp.1983, InterVarsity Press
- Guthrie, George H., "Hebrews, NIV Application Commentary" (1998), Zondervan
- Hagner, Donald A., "Hebrews", pp.1995, Hendrickson
- Hanson, Anthony Tyrrell, "Jesus Christ in the Old Testament" (1965), SPCK
- Hodges, Zane C., "The Gospel Under Siege: A Study on Faith and Works" (1981), Redención Viva
- Hughes, Philip Edgcumbe, "A Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews" (1977), Eerdmans
- Kendall, R. T., "Once Saved, Always Saved" (1983), Moody Press
- Koester, Craig R., "Hebrews: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary" (2001), Doubleday
- Lane, William L., "Hebrews 9-13" (1991), Word Books
- McKay, Kenneth L., "A New Syntax of the Verb in New Testament Greek: An Aspectual Approach, Studies in Biblical Greek" (1994), Peter Lang
- Lindars, Barnabas, "The Theology of the Letter to the Hebrews, New Testament Theology" (1991), Cambridge University Press
- McKnight, Scot, "The Warning Passages of Hebrews: A Formal Analysis and Theological Conclusions", Trinity Journal, 13, pp.21~59 (1992)
- Michaelis, W., "Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, 6", pp.871~882 (1964), Eerdmans
- Moffatt, James, "A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews" (1924), T. & T. Clark
- Montefiore, Hugh, "A Commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews, Harper’s New Testament Commentaries" (1964), Harper & Row
- Mugridge, Alan, "Warnings in the Epistle to the Hebrews: An Exegetical and Theological Study", The Reformed Theological Review, 46, pp.74~82 (1987)
- Osborne, Grant R., "Four Views on the Warning Passage in Hebrews", pp.86~128 (2007), Kregel
- Peterson, David Gilbert, "Hebrews and Perfection: An Examination of the Concept of Perfection in the Epistle to the Hebrews" (1982), Cambridge University Press
- Peterson, David, "Engaging with God: A Biblical Theology of Worship" (2002), InterVarsity Press
- Porter, Stanley, "Verbal Aspect in the Greek of the New Testament, with Reference to Tense and Mood, Studies in Biblical Greek" (2003), Peter Lang
- Schreiner, Thomas R., "Run to Win the Prize: Perseverance in the New Testament" (2010), Crossway
- Schreiner, Thomas R., "Commentary on Hebrews, Biblical Theology for Christian Proclamation" (2015), Holman Reference
- Smillie, Gene R., "‘The One Who is Speaking’ in Hebrews 12:25", Tyndale Bulletin, 55, pp.275~294 (2004)
- Son, Kiwoong, "Zion Symbolism in Hebrews: Hebrews 12:18-24 as a Hermeneutical Key to the Epistle, Paternoster Biblical Monographs" (2005), Paternoster Press
- Stanley, Charles, "Eternal Security: Can You Be Sure?" (1990), Thomas Nelson
- Wallace, Daniel B., "Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament with Scripture, Subject, and Greek Word Indexes" (1996), Zondervan
- Wesley, John, "Explanatory Notes Upon the New Testament" (1952), The Epworth Press
- Westcott, Brooke Foss, "The Epistle to the Hebrews: the Greek Text with Notes and Essays" (1903), Macmillan