재물 소유 포기와 마태복음 제자도의 상관성(마 19:16-30)
The Correlation between renunciation of property ownership and discipleship in the Gospel of Matthew (Matthew 19:16-30)
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마태복음에는 예수가 제자들에게 재물 소유를 포기하라고 가르친것으로 해석 가능한 본문이 상당히 있다. 그러나 초기 기독교 공동체가 제자들의 재물 소유를 부정하거나 불신앙으로 치부하지도 않았다는 이론도 널리 지지 받는 상황이다. 따라서 마태복음의 제자도와제자들의 재물 소유에 대한 상관관계를 확인하려는 연구는 현대 학자들에게 상당한 혼란을 야기할 수 있다. 이는 제자도와 제자들의재물 소유의 상관성을 해결해야 할 공백을 만들었고, 그 사이를 매울연구의 필요가 제기됐기 때문이다. 본 논문은 마태복음 19:16-30이 제자들에게 재물 소유 포기를종용한 것인지 아니면 제자의 도를 강조하려는 상징적 표현인지를확인한다. 왜냐하면 마태복음 19:16-30의 ‘부자 청년’ 기사는 재물소유와 제자도의 상관관계를 잘 보여주기 때문이다. 이 논제를 바라보는 학자들의 시각 차이를 조절하기 위해 마태복음 본문을 통해 마태공동체가 어떤 제자의 모습을 그리고 있는지 정의하려 한다. 마태복음에 묘사된 제자들의 모습에는 마태공동체의 제자도가 반영됐기때문이다. 재물 소유의 포기를 함의한 것 같은 마태복음의 본문을 예수의 제자가 되려면 마땅히 따라야할 조건으로 해석해야 하는지분석한다. 그리고 그 결과를 마태복음의 제자도가 제자들의 재물 소유와 어떤 상관성이 있는지 도출하게 한다. 또한 이 분석의 결과를마태복음 19:16-30 해석의 토대로 사용한다. 이는 ‘부자 청년’ 기사의 핵심이 재물 포기인지 제자도에 관한 가르침인지를 규명하게 된다. 마지막으로 제자들에게 재물 소유의 포기를 가르친 목적과 보상에 관해서도 살펴본다. 희생과 헌신적으로 예수를 따른 제자가 받을보상은 현세와 내세에도 이뤄짐을 확인한다. 이 연구의 결과는 마태복음 19:16-30이 참된 제자의 도를 가르치려고 제자들에게 재물 소유의 부정적 측면을 말한 것이지, 제자들에게 재물 소유 자체를 거부하라고 말한 것이 아님을 증명한다.
Abstract
In the Gospel of Matthew, there are quite a few texts that can be interpreted as Jesus teaching his disciples to give up possession of property. However, the theory that the early Christian community did not dismiss the disciples' possession of property and consider possession of property as impiety is also quite supported. Therefore, Matthew's interpretation of the correlation between the discipleship and the disciples' possession of material can cause considerable confusion for modern readers. This created a gap in the relationship between discipleship and material ownership of disciples, and the need for research to fill the gap was brought up. This article confirms whether Matthew 19:16-30 is a suggestion to the disciples to renunciate possession of property or a symbolic expression of discipleship. The ‘rich young man’ in Matthew 19:16-30 is a great example that shows the correlation between posession of property and discipleship. In order to control the difference in perspectives of scholars looking at this topic, this paper intends to define the Matthean community’s idea of being a disciple through the text. This is because the disciples depicted in the Gospel of Matthew reflects the discipleship of the Matthew community. The renunciation of property ownership is scattered all throughout the book of Matthew including Matthew 19:16-30 and the article analyzes whether this text should be interpreted as referring to renunciation of property as a condition that should be followed to become a disciple of Jesus. And the results from this analysis contribute to finding the correlation of discipleship and the disciples’ ownership of property. Also, the results of this analysis are used as the basis for the interpretation of Matthew 19:16-30. It will be investigated whether the core of the story of the young ‘rich man’ is pertaining to renunciation of wealth or discipleship. Finally, the article looks into the purpose of teaching the disciples renunciation of property and the reward that follows. This article covers how disciples who follow Jesus with an attitude of sacrifice and dedication receive the reward in both this world and the afterlife. The result drawn from this article proves that Matthew 19:16-30 teaches the disciples the negative side of property ownership, rather than the total renunciation of property.
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