조선시대 중기 지방백자의 기형분석과 변화양상

Abstract

Regional white porcelains in the mid-Joseon period are difficult to study since production periods are unknown due to lack of direct literature data or chronological records. In this study, roduction periods are estimated according to the seriation after classifying formations of regional white porcelains in the mid-Joseon period to overcome such issues. Types of regional white porcelains excavated from kilns are classified focusing on daily tablewares such as bowls(鉢), large bowls(大接), dishes(楪匙), small bowls(鍾子) and cups(盞). Then, each type is classified by its own properties from the formations of the opening, the body and the bottom signifying the porcelain’s characteristics. And relative chronology is performed according to the seriation on the formations of porcelains classified according to such method. The analysis results of regional white porcelains shows that regional white porcelains are available to classify in 3 phases. And the specific production period of each phase is examined by comparing white porcelains from Gwangju Royal Kiln available for the chronology. According to characteristics of regional white porcelains in each phase, regional white porcelains in Phase I (early 17th Century) are simplified for having 1 or 2 formations in the same type of ware that have been changed to curved forms showing fat volumes from the diagonally extending forms in early Joseon period. Regional white porcelains in Phase II (late 17th Century) introduce new forms that the sidelines are curved and extended, yet sharply bent on extroverted opening areas. At the bottom areas, bamboo node shaped feet and vertical shaped feet in the previous phase are disappeared while concave shaped feet are mostly produced. The most significant characteristics of regional white porcelains in Phase III (early 18th Century) are variety in the formations. New forms having the bottom areas bent inward or the body areas cut in multiple faces are introduced. Also, at the bottom areas, while only concave shaped feet are produced in previous phases, concave shaped feet having extroverted foot cross-sections and vertical shaped feet produced separatedly and attached to porcelain bodies appear. Regional white porcelains in the mid-Joseon period change through such 3 phases from Phase 1 to 3. Phase 1 is determined to be the transitional period from the early period to the middle period ofregional white porcelains in Joseon Dynasty. In Phase II, regional white porcelains show genuine trends in mid-Joseon period after the white porcelain forms in the early Josoen Dynasty of 17th Century. White porcelains in various forms are produced showing similar trends in periods before Phase II while refining and mass manufacturing are in process.