아동의 범죄피해방지를 위한 선택적 전략 -일본의 지역안전지도를 중심으로-

Abstract

This study was studied with respect to community safety map of Japan. In the United States and Europe,"crime opportunity theories" dominate discussion of crime prevention measures. The theories focus more on the environment in which crimes are apt to happen than on identifying suspicious people. The theories in based on the belief that crime are more likely to occur in places that offer more opportunities and are less likely to happen in places where there is little opportunity for crime. Prof Nobuo Komiya have applied this idea to develop community safety maps that identify potentially dangerous places that are prone to crime. They show places in a neighborhood that can be easily accessed by anyone and are difficult to see. For example, sidewalks with no guardrails are easily accessible and parks where playground equipment is hidden by trees are hard to see from the outside and are therefore potentially dangerous. Places where graffiti, litter and trash are left to accumulate are prone to vandalism and crime because they show neglect on the part of the community and encourage criminals to ant, thinking their crimes would not be reported. Such places make easy targets and are difficult to see. Community safety maps shift the focus to "Places" instead of "suspicious people."They do not show places where suspicious people or criminal have been spotted. A good community safety map in one that does not cause members of the community to be distrustful of others, give rise to discrimination or aggravate trauma. Such maps not only enhance the ability of neighborhoods to prevent crime but also teach both children and adults the importance each other. This paper calls for more research into further innovative crime prevention strategies that can be used in schools so as to prevent children from becoming victims of crimes.