아동보호전문기관의 학대사례 분석을 통한장애아동 학대 고찰
Child Maltreatment among children with Disabilities: A KNCPA Data-Based Study
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본 연구는 국내 장애아동 학대 현황 및 특성을 분석하여 그동안 사각지대에 놓여 있던 장애아동 학대문제를 환기시키고, 이를 바탕으로 장애아동 학대예방 및 중재를 향상시키기 위한 실천적 함의를 모색하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 위해 우선 중앙아동보호전문기관의 국가 아동학대 전산시스템에 입력된 학대사례 총 6,403건 중 장애아동 학대사례 256건을 선정하였다. 그 후 장애아동 전산시스템 파일의 정보들을 검토하여 본 연구를 위해 개발된 학대사례 조사지에 기입하고 분석하였다. 이를 통해 얻어진 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체 아동학대 사례 중 4.0%(256건)는 장애아동 학대사례로 드러나 장애아동 학대의 심각성을 보여주었다. 둘째, 장애남아보다는 장애여아가 더 많이 학대를 경험하고, 초등학령기(7-12세) 장애아동이 가장 많이 학대를 경험하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 장애유형으로는 지적장애 아동이 가장 많은 비중을 차지하였고, 특히 경도지적장애 아동이 가장 위험한 것으로 드러났다. 셋째, 대부분의 학대행위자는 부모였으며 사회경제적 수준은 전반적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 장애아동 학대는 신고의무자에 의한 신고가 비신고의무자에 의한 것보다 훨씬 적었으며, 신고의무자 중 교사가 신고한 경우는 매우 소수였다. 마지막으로 피해 장애아동의 경우 원가정 보호조치가 대부분이었으며 상담 및 치료 서비스의 제공도 제한적이어서 그들을 위한 적절한 중재가 이루어지지 않는 것으로 드러났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 장애아동의 학대예방 및 중재를 지원하기 위한 정책적, 실천적 방안이 논의되었다.
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the extent and characteristics of child maltreatment among children with disabilities. Data were obtained from reviewing and analyzing 256 case files maintained by the Korean National Child Protection Agency(KNCPA) during a calendar year of 2012. Results of this study showed that 4.0% of a total national sample of children who were victims of maltreatment had an identified disability. In addition, the high rate of child maltreatment occurred among girls with disabilities and children with disabilities aged 7-12 years. Most perpetrators were biological parents who tended to be poor. The great majority of child victims continued to stay their homes but a very small number of the victims received services or therapeutic interventions. This study suggests that increased effort is needed for preventing and intervening child maltreatment among Korean children with disabilities.
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