교도소 수감 청소년과 일반 청소년의 마음 읽기 능력 차이
Differences of Mind-reading Ability between Juvenile Offenders and Normal Adolescents
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마음읽기와 반사회적 행동의 관련성을 검토하기 위해서, 교도소에 수감 중인 청소년 재소자들의 마음 읽기 능력을 일반 청소년들과 비교했다. 비교 집단은 청소년 재소자와 동일 연령대의 대학생, 그리고 재소자들보다 더 어린 중학생과 초등학생이었다. 이들의 마음 읽기 능력은 생각 이해, 정서 인식, 지향적 해석 능력으로 측정했다. 연구 결과, 청소년 재소자들은 생각 이해와 정서 인식 능력이 동일 연령의 대학생보다 저조했다. 이들의 생각 이해 능력은 초등학교 고학년 수준이었고, 정서 인식 능력은 중학생 수준이었다. 특히 청소년 재소자들은 선의의 거짓말을 이해하지 못하고, 애매한 행동을 마음상태와 관련하여 파악하는 개념적 역할조망 능력이 낮았으며, 화난 얼굴 표정을 인식하지 못했다. 그러나 청소년 재소자들의 지향적 해석 능력과 정서적 공감 능력은 대학생과 차이가 없었다. 이러한 결과는 타인의 마음 상태를 읽고 이해하는 사회인지적 기술의 결함이 반사회적 행동과 관련이 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
This study examines the mind-reading ability of juvenile offenders in jail. Their mind-reading ability was measured by the ability to understand other's thinking, ability to read the emotional states through facial expressions, and ability to detect intentionality in animated shapes. A total of 35 male juvenile inmates' performance was compared with those of normal male students (40 undergraduate students, 38 junior high school students, and 35 elementary school students). The results indicate that juvenile offenders have a deficit in understanding of others' thinking and emotions. More specifically, they cannot uncover the hidden meaning of white-lies and recognize others' facial expressions of anger. However, it was found that their ability to detect intentionality was intact and that the level of their emotional empathy was normal. These results imply that juvenile offenders' anti-social behaviors are associated with the impairment in their mind-reading.
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