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중학생의 마음이해 능력과 사회적 상호작용

Adolescents' Understanding of Mind and Social Interaction

김경미|김혜리|정명숙|이수미|구재선|양혜영|최현옥
한국사회및성격심리학회|2008.05|한국심리학회지: 사회및성격 (Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology)|제22권 제2호|pp. 17-33|DOI 10.21193/kjspp.2008.22.2.002

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참고문헌

키워드

공감공격성사회적 기술마음 이론마음 읽기사회 인지인기도Theory of mind; Mind-reading; Social cognition; Social skill; Social preference; Empathy; Aggression
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 청소년기에 접어드는 중학생을 대상으로 타인의 마음 상태를 이해하는 능력이 실제 사회적 상호작용과 어떠한 관계가 있는지, 그리고 이러한 관계에 성별 차이가 있는지를 검토했다. 마음 이해 능력에는 눈 또는 얼굴 표정에 나타난 정서를 파악하는 능력, 애매한 행동을 보고 상대의 생각이나 의도를 이해하는 능력, 선의의 거짓말이나 풍자, 헛디딤 말을 하는 사람의 생각을 이해하는 능력을 측정했다. 사회적 상호작용으로는 사회적 기술, 공격성, 친사회성, 공감, 그리고 인기도를 측정했다. 중학교 2학년 남녀 76명의 응답을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 여학생은 남학생보다 마음 이해 수준이 높았으며, 특히 표정에 나타난 정서를 잘 이해했다. 둘째, 정서를 잘 이해하는 여자 중학생은 사회적 기술이 높고 풍자하는 말을 이해하지 못하는 남학생은 인기도가 낮았다. 셋째, 애매한 상황에서 타인의 마음 상태를 이해하는 능력은 남녀 집단 모두에서 인기도와 관련이 있었다. 이러한 결과는 청소년기에도 타인의 마음을 이해하는 능력이 다양한 사회적 상호작용과 관련이 있으며, 이러한 관계에 성차가 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between adolescents' understanding of mind and social interaction. Mind-reading included the ability to read the emotional states through facial expression of the whole face or eye regions, the ability to interpret others' ambiguous social behaviors by reading their mental states, the ability to uncover the hidden meaning of a figurative statement such as irony and white-lie, and the ability to understand that when a person says a "faux pas" it is due to a mistaken belief rather than from malicious intent. Social interactions were assessed by appropriate social skill, aggression, prosocial behavior, empathy, and social preference. Participants were 76 junior high school students (38 males and 38 females). The following patterns of results were obtained. Firstly, female students performed significantly higher on mind-reading tasks, especially reading the emotional states than male students. Secondly, females' ability to read the emotional states was positively correlated with appropriate social skill. Thirdly, mind-reading ability in ambiguous situations was positively correlated with social preference in both male and female groups. These results indicate that adolescents' understanding of mind is linked with their various social interactions and the gender-related difference exists in the pattern of this linkage.

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