대만해협양안관계의 ‘국가통합모델’로서의 의미에 대한 연구
A Study of the Taiwan cross-strait Relationshipas a Model of National Integration
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본 연구의 목적은 중국과 대만의 관계, 즉 대만해협양안관계에 대한 국내외의 연구현황과 이론적 논의를 살펴보고, 국가통합모델로서 ‘대만해협양안관계모델'의 특징을 논하는데 있다. 중국의 국가분열은 중국공산당과 중국국민당의 내전의 결과 1949년에 형성된 것으로, 1948년 분열된 남북한보다 1년 뒤에 이루어졌다. 1970년대까지 국제적 냉전의 영향으로 대만해협양안도 남북한과 마찬가지로 철저한 이념체제의 적대적 대립관계에 처해 있었다. 1980년대 말부터 대만해협양안 사이에 인적 물적 상호개방이 시작되었으며, 이제는 경제적 사회적 문화적 교류뿐만 아니라 정치적 교류의 제도화를 논할 만큼, 남북한에 비해서는 성공적 통합과정에 있다고 평가되고 있다. 한반도의 남북한은 1970년대 초부터 각종 회담을 통해서 160여개의 상호관계발전을 위한 협의서를 체결했지만, 여전히 우편통신은 물론이고 인적교류가 지극히 제한적이고, 군사적 적대적 대립관계가 지속되는 상황이다. 남북한 관계와 비교되는 매우 중요한 사례의 하나가 대만해협양안의 관계라고 할 수 있다. 한국에서 국가통합모델로서 동서독모델에 대한 연구는 매우 광범위하지만, 대만해협양안의 통합과정-`대만해협양안모델'에 대한 연구는 그 다지 많은 상황이 아니다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 관점을 바탕으로, 한국에서 대만해협양안의 관계에 대한 국내외의 이론적 논의와 연구현황을 정리분석하고, 동시에 대만해협양안의 통합과정의 특징의 분석을 통해서, 그것이 하나의 국가통합모델로서 어떠한 의미를 가지고 있는지를 고찰해 보고자 한다.
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to analyze the implications about the Taiwan cross-strait relationship as a national integration model. To this end, here analyzed study status in Korea about relationship between China and Taiwan, that is, the Taiwan cross-strait relationship, at the same time, analyzed characteristics of the Taiwan strait cross-strait relationship as a model for national integration. National division of China into the Taiwan cross-strait was formed in 1949 as a result of internal war between the communist party of China and the Chinese nationalist party. The cross-strait national division was made one year later than division of Korea to South and North Korea in 1948. Until 1970s, the Taiwan cross-strait was in hostile antagonistic relationship of thorough ideology system in the environment of international cold war like that of South and North Korea. But as mutual openness between the Taiwan cross-strait was done in exchange of man and material in the late 1980s, wide exchanges were successfully made. Now not only economic, social, and cultural exchanges but also political exchanges are under going for successful integration based on related system. On the other hand, South and North Korea signed about more than 160 agreements for development of mutual relationship from the early 1970s , however, not only communication by mail but also human exchange is still not opened or very limited and military hostile situation is going on. The Taiwan cross-strait relationship would be a very important example, which is compared with the relationship of South and North Korea. In Korea, study on the model of unification of East and West Germany is very wide but one of integration process of The Taiwan cross-strait is poor. The study, from such viewpoint, here will be analyzed the status in Korea academic studies about The Taiwan cross-strait relationship, at the same time, studied the theoretic debates and characteristics of integration process of The Taiwan cross-strait, and then aimed to study its implications as a model of national integration.
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