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‘제트-레그’ 증상 극복과‘정책-설정자’로의 전환: 비세그라드 협력

Visegrád Cooperation: Overcoming the ‘Jet-lag Symptoms’ and Becoming a 'Policy-Setter' in EU’s Decision-Making Processes

김신규
EU연구소 (Institute for European Union Studies)|2017.02|EU연구 (Journal of European Union Studies)|제45호|pp. 201-240|DOI 10.18109/jeus.2017..45.201

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헝가리Hungary체코폴란드PolandCzech슬로바키아Slovakia비세그라드Visegrad
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초록

V4 협력은 초기의 민주주의, 법치 구축과 소비에트 체제에서 벗어나기 위한 협력에서, 중기 EU와 NATO 가입을 위한 협력을 거쳐, EU 가입 이후 EU 내에서의 협력을 위해 공동의 정체성을 구축하고이를 기반으로 더욱 긴밀한 협력을 이어가는 것으로 목표가 변해왔다. 각 시기의 목표에 따라 협력의 수준도 상이했고 협력이 중단되거나혹은 강화되기도 했지만, 각국은 현재까지 V4를 통한 협력을 유지하면서 EU 내에서 하나의 단위로 행동하고 있다. 이 과정에서 V4는 EU 단일시장, 거버넌스 개혁, 에너지 분야 그리고 대외정책과 내무 분야에서의 공동의 선호를 EU 수준에서 반영되도록 하는데 적극적으로협력하고 있다. 이런 측면에서 본 논문에서는 2004년 EU 가입 이후 중부유럽 4개국이 독자적인 방식보다는 V4의 형태로 EU 수준에서 행동하는 원인을 ‘권력자원의 비대칭성 극복’이라는 측면으로 파악하고, 협력을 통해 V4 공동의 선호를 EU 수준으로 이전시키는 방법과 그 성공사례를살펴보았다. 즉 본 논문에서는 V4라는 지역협력을 국제관계에서 권력자원의 비대칭성을 극복하는 방법으로 파악했으며, V4는 회원국 선호가 수렴되는 부분을 지역협력의 의제로 ‘특화’하고 ‘집중’하는 방법을통해 일부 대국이 주도하는 EU 정책-결정 과정에서 자신들의 영향력을 극대화시키고 있음을 분석했다. 이를 통해 V4가 EU 가입 초기 수동적인 ‘정책-수용자’의 입장에서 벗어나 점차 적극적인 ‘정책-설정자’의 위치로 전환되고 있음을 확인했다.

Abstract

The purpose of the Visegrád group’s(V4) cooperation was to cooperate for escaping from the Soviet system and establishing democracy, rule of law, and then for EU accession and finally is to influence on the EU‘s policy-making process to put their preferences on EU-level agenda. Although the level of cooperation has been different and cooperation has been halted or strengthened depending on the goals of each period, V4 has been acting as a single unit within the EU since joining the EU. In this process, V4 member states have been actively cooperating with each others to ensure that their preferences are accepted as EU’s policy. In this respect, this paper is analyzing the main cause why the Visegrad countries have been cooperating after the EU accession in 2004, which is to overcome the asymmetry of the power resources in the European Union, and then examine how they can converge their common preferences and maximize their influences on EU’s decison-making process through the 'specialization' and 'concentration'strategies. And finally it confirms that V4 is gradually becoming a 'policy-setter' moving away from the early passive 'policy-taker' in EU’s decision-making processes.

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