거짓말 탐지상황에서 나타나는 용의자의 심리특성 연구
Psychological Characteristics of Suspects Under Lie Detection Situation
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본 연구는 실제 범죄사건의 용의자를 대상으로 거짓말 탐지상황에서 나타나는 심리특성을 밝히고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 상태/특질 불안, 수치심/죄책감, 기만/조종, 그리고 방어성향 척도를 사용하여 일반인 집단 157명과 용의자 집단 146명의 심리특성을 비교하였으며, 추가적으로 용의자 집단 중 실제 거짓 유무에 따른 차이를 확인하기 위해 거짓 집단과 진실 집단으로 구분하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 용의자 집단이 일반인 집단보다 상태 불안수준, 수치심 및 죄책감, 그리고 방어성향은 높고 기만성향은 낮았으나, 거짓 집단과 진실 집단 간의 차이는 없었다. 이를 통해, 거짓말 탐지상황에서 용의자가 일반인보다 높은 불안을 느끼며 방어적인 태도와 함께 낮은 기만성향을 보이려는 긍정적인 인상관리 전략을 지니고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 용의자 집단이 거짓 유무에 상관없이 동일한 심리상태를 지니고 있어 거짓말 탐지상황이 거짓말 탐지검사 결과에 영향을 미치지 않을 것으로 예측하였다.
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify the psychological characteristics of suspects under lie detection situations. For this, the psychological characteristics between 157 ordinary people and 146 suspects were compared using scales which were measuring state/trait anxiety, shame/guilt, deceit/manipulation, and defensiveness. Additionally, to identify the difference according to existence of lying, this study divided suspects into lie and truth group and further analyzed differences of psychological characteristics between 2 groups. As a result, suspects showed significantly higher state anxiety, higher defensive tendency, and lower deceptive tendency than ordinary people, but there was no statistically significant differences of psychological characteristics between lie and truth group. This implies feeling higher anxiety and having positive impression management with high defensive and low deceptive tendency at the same time in suspects under lie detection situations. In addition, these results may predict that lie detection situations may not influence the results of lie detection test because suspects have similar psychological characteristics regardless of existence of lying.
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