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감사 경험에 영향을 미치는 개인적 및 사회문화적 요인

Personal and socio-cultural factors influencing gratitude experience

정태연|안정민|서예지
한국사회및성격심리학회|2023.08|한국심리학회지: 사회및성격 (Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology)|제37권 제3호|pp. 297-326|DOI 10.21193/kjspp.2023.37.3.002

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참고문헌

키워드

삶의 만족life satisfaction집단주의collectivism성격5요인개인적 감사사회적 감사초월적 감사사회 만족종합적 사고Personal gratitudesocial gratitudetranscendental gratitudesocial satisfactionpersonality BIG5and holistic thinking
주제분류심리과학

초록

이 연구는 감사에 영향을 미치는 개인적 및 사회문화적 요인을 다차원적으로 탐색하고(연구 1), 삶과 한국 사회 만족도․개인적․사회문화적 특성에 따라 일상생활 속 감사 경험의 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다(연구 2). 연구 1에는 성인 314명(남자 127명, 여자 186명, 무기명 1명; 나이 M = 24.38, SD = 5.52, 범위: 18-49)을 대상으로 삶․한국 사회 만족도, 감사(성향), 개인적․사회적 감사, 성격(Big Five), 개인주의-집단주의, 분석적-종합적 사고를 측정하는 척도를 이용하였다. 이후 Amos를 활용하여 구조모형분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 삶과 한국 사회 만족도 모두 개인적․사회적 감사에 정적인 영향을 주었다. 감사 성향은 개인적․사회적 감사에 정적 영향을 주었으며, 성격5요인 중 외향성은 사회적 감사에 부적 영향을, 정서적 안정성은 개인적 감사에 정적 영향을 주었다. 집단주의가 높을수록 개인적․사회적 감사를 더 많이 느꼈으며, 종합적 사고 경향이 높을수록 개인적 감사를 더 많이 느꼈다. 연구 2에서는 다이어리 연구를 실시하여 65명(남 = 31명, 여 = 34명, 나이 M = 23.02, SD = 3.15)의 참가자들에게 2주 동안 감사 경험에 대한 일기를 쓰도록 했다. 그 결과, 감사경험은 개인적․사회적․초월적 감사로 범주화되었다. 전반적으로 삶과 한국 사회 만족도․개인적․사회문화적 변인의 점수가 높은 ‘상’집단이 ‘하’집단보다 감사경험의 빈도가 높았다. 하지만 변인들의 수준과 상관없이 사회적 감사 빈도는 매우 낮게 나타났다. 종합하면, 일상 속 감사경험의 유형은 구분되며, 감사유형에 따라 차원별 변인들의 영향력은 상이하다. 이러한 연구 결과는 개인적 웰빙 뿐 아니라 사회적 웰빙과도 밀접한 관련이 있는 감사 증진을 위해 다차원적인 심리사회적 개입이 필요하다는 것을 의미한다.

Abstract

This study investigated personal and socio-cultural factors that influence gratitude experience (Study 1), identified different types of gratitude experiences in everyday life, and whether there are differences in gratitude experience based on life, Korean social satisfaction, and personal and socio-cultural characteristics (Study 2). In Study 1, 314 participants (127 men, 186 women, 1 anonymous; age M = 24.38, SD = 5.52, range: 18-49) completed tests to assess life and Korean social satisfaction, gratitude disposition (tendency), personal and societal gratitude, personality (Big Five), individualism-collectivism, and analytical-integrated thinking. Amos was then used to perform a structural model analysis. As a result, both life and Korean social satisfaction influenced personal and social gratitude positively. Among the five personality characteristics, extroversion had a negative impact on social gratitudes and emotional stability had a negative impact on personal gratitudes, with gratitude disposition having a static impact on both. The greater the collectivism, the greater the personal and Korean social satisfaction and the greater the integrated thinking tendency, the greater the personal appreciation. In Study 2, 65 participants (male = 31; female = 34; age M = 23.02, SD = 3.15) were asked to keep a diary on their gratitdude experience for two weeks. As a result, gratitude experiences were classified as personal, social, or transcendent. Overall, the ‘upper’ group had a higher frequency of gratidue experience than the ‘lower’ group due to higher variable scores. Regardless of the degree of factors, however, the frequency of social gratitudes was quite low. When the forms of gratitude experiences in everyday life are considered together, the influence of variables by dimension varies depending on the type of gratitude. These findings imply that multimodal psychosocial intervention is required to increase gratitude, which is linked to both social and personal well-being.

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