戰國時代 楚 封君과 封邑
Chu(楚)Fengjun(封君) and Fengyi(封邑) in Warring States Period
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The purpose of this study is to figure out the role of the Fengjun(封君) under the centralism centering of a king. The summarized fact on Fengjun(封君) of Chu (楚),which has been confirmed so far ,is follow. Firstly, on the establishment of Fengjun(封君), Chu(楚), it established Fengjun(封君) as means of stopping side effect showing up in the process of establishing Xian (縣)in Jianbing(兼倂) region. The purpose of Chu(楚) Fengjun(封君) in early Huiwang(懷王) dynasty was seemingly to enfoeffed Fengjun(封君) with Fengyi(封邑),but Chu(楚)established Fengjun(封君) as a means of preventing frontier Xian(縣) from being estranged from the central government. Next, on the process of setting up Fengjun(封君) since it firstly established Fengjun (封君) in Warring States Period(戰國時代), around the Chuhuiwang(楚懷王) dynasty,the number of the Fengjun(封君) gradually increased. Although that rapid increase became blunt for a short time because of the law altered by Wuqi(吳起) in Daowang(悼王) dynasty, again it was on the rise due to repealing Wuqi(吳起)'s law after Daowang (悼王) died. The Chu(楚) Fengjun(封君) has been identified about 61 persons through literature and archaeological excavations. As the rights of Fengjun(封君) was very powerful and stable, most official who had a full power were Fengjun(封君). Chunshenjun(春申君) in Chu(楚) are the representative Fengjun(封君) from official. But this could be possible as long as there is absolute trust of Guojun(國君). Fengjun(封君) had a duties to observe the law in Fengyi(封邑) and to have the allegiance to his Guojun(國君). Generally, Fengjun(封君) were given by the king, and so their power was much weaker than the king,therefore they had to rely on their king. The confirmed facts above show that Chu(楚) Fengjun(封君) had totally different characters from those of Qin(秦). In Chu(楚) being a Fengjun(封君) meant that his social position was sharply raised. Later, though Fengjun(封君) without Fengyi(封邑)existed, that wasn't different level of status of Chu(楚) Fengjun(封君) but that's because of Chu(楚)'s territory being gotten smaller after Chu(楚) capital city Ying(郢) by Qin (秦)'s general Baiqi(白起) in 21th year of Zhaoxiangwang(昭襄王). Like the instance of Chunshenjun(春申君), Chu(楚) Fengjun(封君) had somewhat independence to Chuwang(楚王), and their power was stronger than those of Lieguo(列國), like that they directly ruled over their own Fengyi(封邑).
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to figure out the role of the Fengjun(封君) under the centralism centering of a king. The summarized fact on Fengjun(封君) of Chu (楚),which has been confirmed so far ,is follow. Firstly, on the establishment of Fengjun(封君), Chu(楚), it established Fengjun(封君) as means of stopping side effect showing up in the process of establishing Xian (縣)in Jianbing(兼倂) region. The purpose of Chu(楚) Fengjun(封君) in early Huiwang(懷王) dynasty was seemingly to enfoeffed Fengjun(封君) with Fengyi(封邑),but Chu(楚)established Fengjun(封君) as a means of preventing frontier Xian(縣) from being estranged from the central government. Next, on the process of setting up Fengjun(封君) since it firstly established Fengjun (封君) in Warring States Period(戰國時代), around the Chuhuiwang(楚懷王) dynasty,the number of the Fengjun(封君) gradually increased. Although that rapid increase became blunt for a short time because of the law altered by Wuqi(吳起) in Daowang(悼王) dynasty, again it was on the rise due to repealing Wuqi(吳起)'s law after Daowang (悼王) died. The Chu(楚) Fengjun(封君) has been identified about 61 persons through literature and archaeological excavations. As the rights of Fengjun(封君) was very powerful and stable, most official who had a full power were Fengjun(封君). Chunshenjun(春申君) in Chu(楚) are the representative Fengjun(封君) from official. But this could be possible as long as there is absolute trust of Guojun(國君). Fengjun(封君) had a duties to observe the law in Fengyi(封邑) and to have the allegiance to his Guojun(國君). Generally, Fengjun(封君) were given by the king, and so their power was much weaker than the king,therefore they had to rely on their king. The confirmed facts above show that Chu(楚) Fengjun(封君) had totally different characters from those of Qin(秦). In Chu(楚) being a Fengjun(封君) meant that his social position was sharply raised. Later, though Fengjun(封君) without Fengyi(封邑)existed, that wasn't different level of status of Chu(楚) Fengjun(封君) but that's because of Chu(楚)'s territory being gotten smaller after Chu(楚) capital city Ying(郢) by Qin (秦)'s general Baiqi(白起) in 21th year of Zhaoxiangwang(昭襄王). Like the instance of Chunshenjun(春申君), Chu(楚) Fengjun(封君) had somewhat independence to Chuwang(楚王), and their power was stronger than those of Lieguo(列國), like that they directly ruled over their own Fengyi(封邑).
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