Transnational Student Mobility: Educational and Social Experiences of Mixed-Race Koreans in Seoul
0
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The population of multiracial Koreans at home and abroad has grown in recent decades, due to the increasing movement of people into and out of the Korean peninsula and the births of children among the Korean diaspora and in Korea itself. This study focuses on the fact that the international students coming to Korea often include overseas Koreans of mixed heritage. This study examines what factors motivate them to attend Korean universities and how these students’ ethnic, racial, and cultural backgrounds have impacted their educational and social experiences in Korea, particularly taking into account the broader context of the recent internationalization of higher education and the historical development of perceptions and the status of mixed-race Koreans in Korea. Methodologically, this research uses in-depth interview data with 14 Koreans of mixed heritage currently enrolled in Korean universities. The research found that mixed-race Koreans from abroad come to Korea to acquire international educational credentials and to gain diasporic experience. They take advantage of the accessible admission processes of Korean universities and use their English ability and other language skills for academic purposes. Their multicultural upbringing has influenced their choices of majors. However, by crossing borders,they come to encounter and deal with different racial and ethnic conceptions ascribed in Korea. A majority of respondents report that they socialize primarily with international students. Multiracial Koreans from abroad are often regarded as complete foreigners, and the authenticity of their Koreanness is questioned due to their nationality, lack of fluency in the Korean language and culture, and physical appearance. The Korean government and universities should make efforts to build diversity awareness and to shape a more diverse campus environment that will maximize mixed-race students’ learning and development. In addition, there should be programs through which mixed-race students, especially those who are interested in further exploring their Korean heritage, can have better access to Korean cultural resources. This article will contribute to an improved understanding of the experiences of multiracial Koreans as well as issues related to educational migration and ethnic return migration in general.
Abstract
The population of multiracial Koreans at home and abroad has grown in recent decades, due to the increasing movement of people into and out of the Korean peninsula and the births of children among the Korean diaspora and in Korea itself. This study focuses on the fact that the international students coming to Korea often include overseas Koreans of mixed heritage. This study examines what factors motivate them to attend Korean universities and how these students’ ethnic, racial, and cultural backgrounds have impacted their educational and social experiences in Korea, particularly taking into account the broader context of the recent internationalization of higher education and the historical development of perceptions and the status of mixed-race Koreans in Korea. Methodologically, this research uses in-depth interview data with 14 Koreans of mixed heritage currently enrolled in Korean universities. The research found that mixed-race Koreans from abroad come to Korea to acquire international educational credentials and to gain diasporic experience. They take advantage of the accessible admission processes of Korean universities and use their English ability and other language skills for academic purposes. Their multicultural upbringing has influenced their choices of majors. However, by crossing borders,they come to encounter and deal with different racial and ethnic conceptions ascribed in Korea. A majority of respondents report that they socialize primarily with international students. Multiracial Koreans from abroad are often regarded as complete foreigners, and the authenticity of their Koreanness is questioned due to their nationality, lack of fluency in the Korean language and culture, and physical appearance. The Korean government and universities should make efforts to build diversity awareness and to shape a more diverse campus environment that will maximize mixed-race students’ learning and development. In addition, there should be programs through which mixed-race students, especially those who are interested in further exploring their Korean heritage, can have better access to Korean cultural resources. This article will contribute to an improved understanding of the experiences of multiracial Koreans as well as issues related to educational migration and ethnic return migration in general.
참고문헌 (39)
- Ahn, Ji-Hyun, "Rearticulating Black Mixed-Race in the Era of Globalization:Hines Ward and the Struggle for Koreanness in Contemporary South Korean Media", Cultural Studies, 28(3), pp.392~417 (2014)
- Ahn, Ji-Hyun, "Mixed-Race Politics and Neoliberal Multiculturalism in South Korean Media" (2018), Palgrave Macmillan
- 배진숙, "Acquiring Higher Education Credentials at Home -Korean Student Return Migrants from Latin America-", 다문화콘텐츠연구, (27), pp.207~237 (2018), 문화콘텐츠기술연구원[DOI]
- 문레니, "Internationalizing Higher Education in Korea: Challenges and Opportunities in Comparative Perspective", pp.29~50 (2016), Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center and Brookings Institution Press
- Brown, Nikia, "Negotiating a Multicultural Identity in Monocultural South Korea: Stigma and the Pressure to Racially "Pass"", Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies, 15(1), pp.45~68 (2015), 동아시아학술원[DOI]
- Byun, Kiyong, "English-Medium Teaching in Korean Higher Education:Policy Debates and Reality", Higher Education, 62(4), pp.431~449 (2011)
- Byun, Kiyong, "Shifting Patterns of the Government’s Policies for the Internationalization of Korean Higher Education", Journal of Studies in International Education, 15(5), pp.467~486 (2011)
- 조하나, "‘혼혈’에 대한 사회적 의미 －1950년~2011년 신문기사를 중심으로－", 다문화콘텐츠연구, (14), pp.367~407 (2013), 문화콘텐츠기술연구원
- Collins, Francis Leo, "Bridges to Learning: International Student Mobilities, Education Agencies and Inter Personal Networks", sGlobal Networks, pp.398~417 (2008)
- Collins, Francis Leo, "Globalising Higher Education in and through Urban Spaces: Higher Education Projects, International Student Mobilities and Trans-Local Connections in Seoul", Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 55(2), pp.242~257 (2014)
- Gmelch, George, "Return Migration", Annual Review of Anthropology, 9(9), pp.135~159 (1980)
- Heo, Nayoung, "“We Are Not Simply ‘Multicultural’”: Intersecting Ethnic and Religious Identities of Japanese-Korean Young Adults in South Korea", Ethnic and Racial Studies, 41(15), pp.2750~2769 (2018)
- 주혜연, "드라마 속에 재현된 외국인과 한국의 다문화주의", 만화애니메이션연구, (32), pp.335~361 (2013), 한국만화애니메이션학회
- 정의철, "혼혈인에 대한 미디어 보도 분석: 하인스 워드의 성공 전후를 중심으로", 한국언론학보, 51(5), pp.84~110 (2007), 한국언론학회
- 강진구, "수기(手記)를 통해 본 한국사회의 혼혈인 인식", 우리문학연구, (26), pp.155~187 (2009), 우리문학회
- Kim, Hyein Amber, "Biracial Identity Development: A Case of Black-Korean Biracial Individuals in Korea", International Journal of Multicultural Education, 18(3), pp.40~57 (2016)
- 신현준, "Multiculturalism in East Asia", pp.127~140 (2016), Rowman & Littlefield International
- Kim, Jongyoung, "Aspiration for Global Cultural Capital in the Stratified Realm of Global Higher Education: Why Do Korean Students Go to US Graduate Schools?", British Journal of Sociology of Education, 32(1), pp.109~126 (2011)
- 김민정, "국제결혼 가족과 자녀의 성장: '여러 종류'의 한국인이 가족으로 살아가기", 한국문화인류학, 41(1), pp.51~89 (2008), 한국문화인류학회
- 김연권, "다문화가족, 새로운 한국시민", 시민인문학, (17), pp.106~133 (2009), 인문학연구소
- Korean Educational Development Institute, "Brief Educational Statistics", ~ (2019)
- Lee, Claire., "Narratives of ‘Mixed Race’ Youth in South Korea: Racial Order and In-Betweenness", Asian Ethnicity, 18(4), pp.1~21 (2016)
- Lee, Mary, "Mixed Race Peoples in the Korean National Imaginary and Family", Korean Studies, (32), pp.56~85 (2008)
- Lee, Yoonkyung, "Migration, Migrants, and Contested Ethno-Nationalism in Korea", Critical Asian Studies, 41(3), pp.363~380 (2009)
- Ley, David, "Back to Hong Kong: Return Migration or Transnational Sojourn?", Global Networks, 5(2), pp.111~127 (2005)
- Lo, Adrienne, "Manufacturing Citizenship: Metapragmatic Framings of Language Competencies in Media Images of Mixed Race Men in South Korea", Discourse & Society, 22(4), pp.440~457 (2011)
- Ma, Ai-hsuan Sandra, "Social Networks, Cultural Capital and Attachment to the Host City: Comparing Overseas Chinese Students and Foreign Students in Taipei", Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 55(2), pp.226~241 (2014)
- South Korea’s Demographic Changes and their Political Impact, "Moon, Katharine H. S.", Brookings Institution, ~, pp.East Asia Policy Paper Series, 10 (2015)
- Moon, R. J., "Internationalization without Cultural Diversity? Higher Education in Korea", Comparative Education, 52(1), pp.91~108 (2016)
- Omi, Michael, "Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the 1990s" (1994), Routledge
- Oxfeld, Ellen, "Coming Home? Refugees, Migrants, and Those Who Stayed Behind" (2004), University of Pennsylvania
- Park, Joseph Sung-Yul, "Language Ideologies in Educational Migration: Korean Jogi Yuhak Families in Singapore", Linguistics and Education, 20, pp.366~377 (2009)
- Rocha, Zarine L., "Mixed Race in Asia: Past, Present and Future" (2017), Routledge Taylor & Francis Group
- 설동훈, "혼혈인의 사회학: 한국인의 위계적 민족성", 인문연구, (52), pp.127~164 (2007), 인문과학연구소
- 설동훈, "Dynamics of Ethnic Nationalism and Hierarchical Nationhood: Korean Nation and Its Othernesss since the Late 1980s", Korea Journal, 54(2), pp.5~33 (2014), 한국학중앙연구원[DOI]
- 심두보, "The Language Politics of “English Fever ” in South Korea", Korea Journal, 48(2), pp.136~159 (2008), 한국학중앙연구원[DOI]
- Shin, Gi-Wook, "Ethnic Nationalism in Korea: Genealogy, Politics, and Legacy" (2006), Stanford University Press
- Tsuda, Takeyuki, "Diasporic Homecomings: Ethnic Return Migration in Comparative Perspective" (2009), Stanford University Press
- Waters, Johanna L., "Transnational Geographies of Academic Distinction: The Role of Social Capital in the Recognition and Evaluation of ‘Overseas’Credentials", Globalisation, Societies and Education, 7(2), pp.113~129 (2009)