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민영의료보험가입과 사전적 도덕적 해이

Private Health Insurance and Ex-ante Moral Hazard in Korea

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경제학

초록

본 연구는 우리나라에서 민영의료보험가입이 개인들의 건강관련 생활습관에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 특히 사전적 도덕적 해이에 관한 기존이론들이 제시하듯 민영의료보험가입이 고위험흡연, 고위험음주, 규칙적 운동의 미 실천, 비만상태에 양의 영향을 미치는지 한국의료패널자료를 이용하여 실증적으로규명한다. 이를 위해 첫째, 민영의료보험가입의 내생성을 고려하여 개인들의관찰되지 않는 이질성을 통제하는 임의효과 패널프로빗모형을 추정한다. 둘째, 민영의료보험가입과 생활습관에 동시에 영향을 미치는 개인의 위험회피성향및 각 건강관련 생활습관 간의 상호연관성 등을 고려한 다변량프로빗모형을추정한다. 추정결과 민영의료보험가입은 고위험흡연성향, 고위험음주성향, 그리고 비만상태에 양의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난다. 또한 고위험흡연, 고위험음주, 비만상태 방정식에서 개인의 위험회피성향이 드러나며 생활습관 방정식들의 오차항 간에도 상관관계가 나타난다. 따라서 민영의료보험료체계에 건강관련 생활습관들을 반영해야 할지에 대한 논의가 필요하다고 판단되다.

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of private health insurance on individuals’ health-related preventive lifestyles. In particular, using Korea Health Panel 2009-2012, we empirically test whether purchasing private health insurance has any positive effects on the propensity to excessive smoking, heavy drinking, lack of exercise, and obesity, as predicted by theories of ex-ante moral hazard. We estimate a random effect panel probit model to account for the endogeneity of private health insurance purchase. Further, we estimate a multivariate probit model to account for such endogeneity along with the possible presence of risk aversion in both private health insurance choice and lifestyle choice and the correlation between the error terms for different lifestyle equations. The results indicate that private health insurance has significant positive incentive effects on excessive smoking, heavy drinking, and obesity. Furthermore, significant correlations exist between the error terms of each equation. The empirical results thus suggest that it may be necessary to consider incorporating health-related lifestyles in the construction of private health insurance premiums in Korea.

참고문헌 (41)

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