칠레 민주연합 정부의 신자유주의 교육 정책방향의 비판적 접근
A Critical Approach to the Directions of the Neoliberal Educative Policies of the Governments of Democratic Alliances of Chile
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The Chilean educative policies as the Voucher System and the privatization have been almost same from the Pinochet government and the ones of "Concertacion" or "Democratic Alliances" until now. Because the neoliberal regime has dominated principally in Chile the area of the education. In this study first of all I will analyze the procedures of the violent repression of the leftist politicians and the intellectuals of the universities by the Pinochet government. And the importance of the reform of the law of education in 1980 was emphasized and the other one in 1990 one day before the retirement of Pinochet. We can comprehend the fact that the education would have been used as a tool to achieve the development of the country and the economic one sacrificing the public and equalitarian values of the education. And the competence, the efficiency and the quality of the education have been emphasized through the policies as example the rights of the selection of the schools by the parents as like a product in the market. But the result was the enormorors expansion of the private education not only in the secondary schools but also in the universities. And also has been intensified "the segregation and the discrimination" of the students jerarquitized by the different social-economic levels of the parents. The Chilean people including the middle class did not realize rightly the inherent problems of the neoliberal regime having the equivocation as if the private schools should have been better than the public ones. However the high level of the public university education became to be dominated by the acomodated class. This was the cause of the last year's great scale of the demonstration of the Chilean students. The most important thing is that these matters was agravated not by the Pinochet government but by the ones of "Concertacion" or "Democratic Alliances". Because these governments tried to maintain the neoliberal regime by means of the education only arranging the small problems or contratiempos.
Abstract
The Chilean educative policies as the Voucher System and the privatization have been almost same from the Pinochet government and the ones of "Concertacion" or "Democratic Alliances" until now. Because the neoliberal regime has dominated principally in Chile the area of the education. In this study first of all I will analyze the procedures of the violent repression of the leftist politicians and the intellectuals of the universities by the Pinochet government. And the importance of the reform of the law of education in 1980 was emphasized and the other one in 1990 one day before the retirement of Pinochet. We can comprehend the fact that the education would have been used as a tool to achieve the development of the country and the economic one sacrificing the public and equalitarian values of the education. And the competence, the efficiency and the quality of the education have been emphasized through the policies as example the rights of the selection of the schools by the parents as like a product in the market. But the result was the enormorors expansion of the private education not only in the secondary schools but also in the universities. And also has been intensified "the segregation and the discrimination" of the students jerarquitized by the different social-economic levels of the parents. The Chilean people including the middle class did not realize rightly the inherent problems of the neoliberal regime having the equivocation as if the private schools should have been better than the public ones. However the high level of the public university education became to be dominated by the acomodated class. This was the cause of the last year's great scale of the demonstration of the Chilean students. The most important thing is that these matters was agravated not by the Pinochet government but by the ones of "Concertacion" or "Democratic Alliances". Because these governments tried to maintain the neoliberal regime by means of the education only arranging the small problems or contratiempos.
참고문헌 (28)
- 박주형, "교육의 형평성에 기초한 칠레의 학교선택정책과 Voucher 체제 분석", 비교교육연구, 21(4), pp.107~129 (2011), 한국비교교육학회
- 이득재, "젊은이들, 싸우러 거리에 나서다", 문화, 2011, pp.(68), 147~171
- "Educación en Chile" (2000)[URL]
- ARELLANO MARIN, "La reforma educacional chilena", Revista de la Cepal, (73), pp.83~94 (2001)
- AVALOS, Beatrice, "Education for Global", Regional Competitiveness: Chilean Policies and Reform in Secondary Education, 1996, pp.26(2), 1~18
- BERNASCONI, Andrés, "Chile's Dominant Private Higher Education", ASHE Higher Education Report, 36(3), pp.23~35 (2010)
- BORIC, Gabriel, "Los horizontes del movimiento estudiantil", Le Monde diplomatique, pp.6~7 (2012)
- BOZO, "Hacia una Reconstrucción de la Democracia", Espacio Abierto, 16(002), pp.277~290 (2007)
- BRUNNER, "Chile's higher education: between market and state", Higher Education, 25, pp.35~43 (1993)
- CAVIERES, Eduardo A., "The Class and Culture-Based Exclusion of the Chilean Neoliberal Educational Reform", Educational Studies, 47, pp.111~132 (2011)
- Economist, "Progress and its discontents", Economist, 402(8780), pp.1~7 (2012)
- ELACQUA, Gregory, "School Choice in Chile: Is it Class or the Classroom?", Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 25(3), pp.577~601 (2006)
- FOX, Michael, "Demanding the Right to Education: Student voices from Chile and Puerto Rico", NACLA Report on the Americas, 44(6), pp.35~37 (2011)
- JOIKO, Sara, "La Política de Equidad y el Nuevo Sistema de Vouchers en Chile", Revista Mexicana de Investigación Educativa, 16(50), pp.829~852 (2011)
- LEMAITRE, Maria Jose, "Between privatization and state control: Chile's experience of regulating a widely privatized system through quality assurance, In International Institute for Educational Planning", pp.1~31 (2005), UNESCO
- MARRAS, Sergio, "Chile, el mercado del disímulo (Los valores en la década de los noventa), In El modelo chileno", pp.499~525 (2002), LOM Ediciones
- MATEAR, Ann, "Tensiones between State and Market in Chile: Educational Policy and Culture", European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, 83, pp.61~82 (2007)
- OPPENHEIM, "Politics in Chile" (2007), Westview Press
- PAREDES, Ricardo D., "El fin de la educación pública en Chile", Estudios de Economía, 36(1), pp.47~66 (2009)
- Is private education better? Evidence from Chile, "RAMOS, Andrea Tokman", 1~44, pp.Cenrtral Bank of Chile Working Papers, N (2002)
- RIGOBERTO, Parada, Jose, "Universidades públicas y privadas: un enfoque tridimensional", Estudios Públicos, 120, pp.183~205 (2010)
- SCHIEFELBEIN, Ernesto, "Determinantes de la calidad: ?qué falta mejorar?", Perspectivas, 4(1), pp.37~64 (2000)
- VERGARA, Rodrigo, "Tendencias demográficas y económicas en Chile y sus implicaciones para la educación superior", Estudios Publicos, 106, pp.129~152 (2007)