고려의 팔관회 설행과 민간

Abstract

This study focuses on the private activities, which have been conducted at the time of the Establishment of Palgwanhoe in Goryeo. Palgwanhoe is confirmed in the records of the space and time, in which public rituals were held in accordance with the strict discipline and ritual standards. According to the records, only the level of internalization of the Imperial ritual, transmitted from China, is confirmed. However, access to the palace at the time of Palgwanhoe was opened. It is meaningful in that the strictly controlled areas were open to the people. The King's visit to the Beobwangsa Temple demonstrates a slightly different aspect. The royal parade returned to the palace after going to the Beobwangsa Temple, located in the imperial city, which is highly accessible. During that time, all of plays and dances were performed. Since the parade was performed in the relatively open space, and that parade was known to each area in advance, the people who live in the outside of the city could participate in it. Meanwhile, for the noble people who didn't serve the government office, the Palgwanhoe period was used as the holidays of a year-end. They spent their time with friends of the same age or friends. In addition, government officials were also mobilized by the People's Assembly of Palgwanhoe, so that they accumulated direct experiences in carrying out their tasks. The incumbent government officials who participated in the Palgwanhoe events had troubles as realistic executives in the state-led events. When the ritual was finished, people were offered rare fruits such as oranges, liquor, meat, various confectioneries, silk, and so on. They also redistributed these items to their relatives and friends. And on the last day of the two-day event, they tended to meet fellows, Jwa-ju(座主, examiner), or receive a visit from their Mun-saeng(門生, pupil). In addition, Palgwanhoe was called Jungdong Palgwanhoe. This ritual was held on the 14th and 15th of November, and 14th, 15th and 16th were official holidays. Nevertheless, Palgwanhoe became a significant event in November. For this reason, there were occasions that the events for the Palgwanhoe took place even before and after the period of Palgwanhoe. These examples include amnesty, king's words, relief for single man and widows, orphans and the solitary elderly, and care for the elderly.