‘차별시정조치’: 대학 입학시의 흑인우대조치를 중심으로
Affirmative Action Experiment: Focusing on Race Conscious Admission Policy
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참고문헌
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초록
It was not that long ago when black students could not enter predominantly white universities. The situation has changed greatly since affirmative action required universities to adopt race-conscious admission policies to address racial inequalities. Since 1970s, black students have rapidly increased their presence at various universities. Favorable consideration of black applicants, however, aroused a considerable amount of anger among white population who felt that they are faced with reverse discrimination. Many papers and books have been written on this issue, but almost all of them take a side of either pro or con. The main purpose of this paper is to reevaluate the issue objectively from the viewpoint of disinterested third party. Those who are opposed to affirmative action charge that affirmative action violates the principles of equal protection guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. In settling the Bakke case, the U.S. Supreme Court allowed the university to pursue the race-conscious admission process with a purpose to increase racial diversity on campus. Finding that the assault against the affirmative action failed to bring about its demise, opponents of affirmative action switched to the strategy to abolish it through political and intellectual battles. Supporters of affirmative action have had a hard time justifying its existence, but managed to persuade the public that it is still necessary. It is expected that they will face an uphill battle to defend it as the racial gap in the American society narrows.
Abstract
It was not that long ago when black students could not enter predominantly white universities. The situation has changed greatly since affirmative action required universities to adopt race-conscious admission policies to address racial inequalities. Since 1970s, black students have rapidly increased their presence at various universities. Favorable consideration of black applicants, however, aroused a considerable amount of anger among white population who felt that they are faced with reverse discrimination. Many papers and books have been written on this issue, but almost all of them take a side of either pro or con. The main purpose of this paper is to reevaluate the issue objectively from the viewpoint of disinterested third party. Those who are opposed to affirmative action charge that affirmative action violates the principles of equal protection guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. In settling the Bakke case, the U.S. Supreme Court allowed the university to pursue the race-conscious admission process with a purpose to increase racial diversity on campus. Finding that the assault against the affirmative action failed to bring about its demise, opponents of affirmative action switched to the strategy to abolish it through political and intellectual battles. Supporters of affirmative action have had a hard time justifying its existence, but managed to persuade the public that it is still necessary. It is expected that they will face an uphill battle to defend it as the racial gap in the American society narrows.
참고문헌 (18)
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