공산주의와 ‘도래할 민주주의’: 바디우와 지젝의 ‘공산주의 가설’에 대한 비판적 검토

Abstract

Alain Badiou suggested ‘The Communist Hypothesis’, the idea that labour’subjuation to a rulling class is not inevitable as a ‘regulatory idea’ in its Kantiansense. He wants to re-install the hypothesis in ideological space and renew itsexistence not only in our consciousness but also in the scene of life. Theboundary between possibility and impossibility arose from the experiences ofhistorical defeats, and Slavoj Žižek tries to blur it by ‘redefining thinking’ and‘rethinking’, calling back communism into the actual. He objects to‘communism as a reglatory idea’ or ‘deconstructive thinking aboutcommunism’ and instead thinks that communism is an imminent task that cansolve the antagonism between the included and the excluded. However, Badiouand Žižek both posit democracy as the opposite of communism, and as a result,they unintentionally confine the possibility of communism as an idea within acertain limit. Therefore ‘Hospitality without reservation’ accorded to ‘what is tocome’ is needed in its Derrida’ sense.