處士로서 南冥의 삶과 敬義思想

Abstract

In this article, I studied about Nammyong(南冥) Cho Shik(曺植. 1501~1572)’s learning in three view point. In the first, I studied the necessity of new perspective for studying Nammyong’s learning. Second, I studied the true meaning of Nammyong’s life of the recluse (處士). Thirdly, I searched Nammyong’s the thought spirit of respect and righteousness(敬義思想), and the method of practise. The results are as follows. First, the dichotomous thinking should be avoided in studying Nammyong’s learning. The dichotomous thinking is the ‘vital force(Qi) centered theory(主氣論)’ and ‘principle(Li) centered theory(主理論)’ or the Giho school and Yeongnam school in the wake of Yi hwang(李滉. 1501~1570) and Yi I(李珥. 1536~1584). Because this method is the specter of Japanese imperialism and colonialism planted by Takahashi Toru(高橋亨.1878~1967). He was a representative governmentpatronized scholar. Second, Nammyong as the recluse, did not separate heresy. He always fight against injustice, did not go into government service. Because, at that time the king was stupid, the king mother acting as regent, Celibacy climbed to power. Thirdly, Nammyong always advocated reforming government for the security of the nation and the livelihoods of the public. Especially, he emphasized the King’s real sacrifice as a sovereign ruler. His philosophy appear in the 「Shinmyungsado(神明舍圖)」. So, in sum, Nammyong’s philosophy include a modern element. He emphasized the enthusiastic practice(務實). He did not stick to the party interests and the specific academic field. Always, he put stress on the objective and rational attitude in research-practice. I think, there is the universal values of mankind in the Nammyong’s philosophy. And we may find the direction for healing the today’s a chronic disease of the Korean society in the Nammyong’s philosophy.