西周大武教育研究
A Study on Dawu Education in Western Zhou Dynasty
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참고문헌
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초록
西周的宫廷乐舞『大武』是“六代乐舞”之一，也是先秦六艺教育中“乐教”的最后一门科目。『大武』乐源于周公“制礼作乐”，是诗歌舞蹈与音乐结合的表演艺术形态。其不仅具备超高的艺术魅力，在教育史上也意义深远。本文以『大武』乐为研究对象，以教育学的观点探索『大武』的教师与学生、教育内容、教育方法以及教育学意义。由此可见，『大武』乐是先秦贵族子弟必修的课程; 天子视学时, 在国学中祭祀先师先圣的乐曲; 君王祭祀先祖以彰显其功德的媒介; 两君相见时, 以『大武』衬托‘宾礼’之诚意。『大武』中所体现的体育教育, 文学教育, 艺术教育以道德教育等教育学的因素, 以德智体美的全人教育模式, 其既重视道德培养, 完善人格, 促进学生身心发展, 还具备理论与实践相结合的教育内容。所以, 在当今伦理、艺术、实践互不统一的教育模式中, 『大武』的研究对人才培养有一定的参照意义。
Abstract
The court of Dawu(大武) musical dance in Western Zhou Dynasty(西周:1046BC—771BC) was one of the ‘Six Dynasties Musical Dances’, and it was also the last subject of ‘Music Education(樂敎)’ in the Six Arts(六藝) Education of the pre-Qin Dynasty. Dawu musical dance originated from duke of Zhou(周公)’s ‘making ceremony and making music(制禮作樂)’. It is the performing art form of combination of poetry, dance and music. It not only has ultra-high artistic charm, but also has far-reaching significance in the history of education. In this paper, the author explores teachers and students, educational content, educational methods, and educational significance of Dawu musical dance from the viewpoint of pedagogy. It can be seen that the Dawu musical dance is a compulsory course for the sons of aristocrats in the pre-Qin Dynasty, the music that was used to sacrifice the former teachers and sages in national schools in educational inspector of emperors, the medium of the emperor’s sacrifice to his ancestors to demonstrate his merits and virtues. And when the two monarchs met each other, they set off the sincerity of ‘guests etiquette’ by Dawu. In short, as a moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic whole-person education, the musical dance of Dawu not only attaches importance to morality, perfect personality, but also promotes the coordinated development of students’ body and mind, which is also a education content with combination of theory and practice. Therefore, in today’s education form that ethics, art, practice do not unify, the study of Dawu has a certain reference significance for the training of talents.
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