중국의 난개발 현황 및 그에 대한 대응 방안 연구-도시개발경계를 중심으로-

Abstract

In China, following the trend of urban expansion, the sprawling aspect like that in Western cities has been emerging. In many cities in China, the increase in the scale of urban spaces is faster than the increase in urban population, and the high-speed, low-density, and disorderly expansion of construction sites in the outskirts and various side effects caused by the foregoing are occurring. In China, intervention at the national level has been made in an attempt to establish a sort of guidelines, and as a method, the urban growth boundary method as used in the United States has been used. In 2014, the Chinese government selected 14 pilot cities, including Beijing, and announced that urban development boundaries would be first determined and promoted. This study examined the level of sprawls appearing in China, and compared the major factors that caused sprawls in China with those in the United States at the political and institutional levels. That is, the biggest factor that caused sprawls in the United States is the demand for suburban living in the private sector, especially the middle class, and the vehicle for meeting the demand was the development of transportation. On the other hand, the driving force that led sprawls in China was the demand for urban development by local governments, and the unique land system of China enabled them to carry out excessive development. In addition, this study looked into the background and direction of the recent urban growth boundary setting policies in China in more details, and in particular, the basic types of urban growth boundary setting work in 14 pilot cities were examined separately for cases where only one boundary was set and implemented fixedly and cases where two or more boundaries were set and operated flexibly.