모돈의 복체중 및 복당 체중변이에 대한 유전적 효과
Genetic Effects for Litter Weight and Within-Litter Birth Weight Variation in a Swine Breeding Population
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초록
본 연구는 특정 종돈집단의 Landrace 품종과 Yorkshire 품종에서 환경요인 및 유전적 요인이 번식형질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 번식형질에 대한 유전적 능력을 향상하기 위한 선발지표를 제시하고자 실시하였다. 본 연구에 이용된 자료는 번식형질과 관련된 자료로써 미라를 제외한 총산자수(NBT), 생존산자수(NBA), 복당 자돈체중(LW), 분만시 자돈의 평균 생시체중(ABW) 및 복당 자돈들의 체중에 대한 변이(VBW) 등, 총 5개 형질들에 대한 자료로써 Landrace 품종 2,527두의 모돈에서 수집된 10,342번식기록과 Yorkshire 품종 3,056두의 모돈에서 수집된 13,817 번식기록을 이용하여 혼합모형식을 설정하고 REML방법에 의한 교배웅돈효과, 영구환경효과 및 개체 유전효과 등에 대한 분산성분 및 유전모수를 추정하였다. 분석결과, 두 품종의 번식형질 모두에서 유전적 변이가 존재하고 있었으나 교배웅돈이 번식형질에 미치는 영향은 전체 변이의 약 8%이하로 크게 영향하고 있지 않는 것으로 분석되었고 영구환경효과는 5개 형질 모두에서 전체변이의 약 2~14%에 해당하는 변이성을 보였다. 전체 변이중 유전변이의 비율인 유전력은 산자수의 경우 약 0.10~0.14인 반면에 동복자돈 총체중 및 동복자돈 평균체중에서 0.20~0.35의 추정치를 얻을 수 있었으며 총산자수와 동복자돈 총체중간의 유전상관은 0.62~0.74으로 추정되었고 총산자수와 동복자돈 평균체중 간에는 –0.28~-0.07의 상관 추정치를 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 산자수 개량을 위한 종돈의 선발지표로써 산자수와 동복자돈의 체중을 고려한 선발이 가능할 것으로 사료되었다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to find out the environmental, service sire and genetic effects for reproductive trait in certain purebred of pigs on Landrace and Yorkshire, and to suggest selection indicator which is to improve genetic capability on reproductive traits. There are five traits used on this analysis which are total number of born (NBT), number of born alive (NBA), piglets weight within litter (LW), average of birth weight on piglets within litter (ABW) and variation of birth weight on piglets within litter (VBW). With these data, the mixed model was established using 10,342 records collected from 2,527 sows of Landrace and 13,817 records collected from sows of 3,056 Yorkshire breeds and the variation of random effects and the genetic parameter were estimated by the REML method including service sire effects, permanent environmental effects and sow genetic effects. Due to characteristics of closed nucleus herd for using data on this study, given that it has been isolated breeding for about 19 years that progressed over 16 generations, genetic analysis was performed on all of these data and partial data of the current genetic group in which animals were born after 2011. The effects of service sire were estimated to be less than about 8% of total variation in all traits considered in the analysis. Permanent environmental effects were estimated about 2~14% of total variation in all traits considered. The heritability, which is the ratio of genetic variance among the total variance, was estimated to be 20~35% for LW and ABW in Landrace and Yorkshire, while it was about 10~14% for NBT. The genetic correlations between NBT and LW were 62~74% and between NBT and ABW were –28~-7%. Therefore, indirect selection for improving litter size could be possible with considering LW. Whereas, the genetic effect of the service sire effects for litter traits would be trivial.
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