두록 돈군의 복당 평균 생시체중 및 자돈체중 변이와 산자수 형질에 대한 유전모수 추정
Genetic Parameters of the Average Piglet Weight at Birth, Litter Size Traits and Within-litter Standard Deviation of Borth Weight in a Duroc Herd
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본 연구는 두록종 돼지의 복당 생시체중 형질(복당 생시체중 평균, 복당 생시체중 표준편차)과 산자수형질(총 산자수, 생존 산자수, 사산두수)의 유전모수를 추정하고 이들 형질간의 상관관계와 개량방안을 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 분석에는 국립축산과학원에서 2006~2016년 사이에 분만한 두록 모돈 1,081복의자료를 이용하였다. 분석형질은 복당 생시체중 평균(ABW), 복당 생시체중 표준편차(BWSD), 총 산자수(NB), 생존 산자수(NBA) 및 사산두수(NBD)이다. 유전모수 추정은 다형질 개체모형을 이용하였다. 각형질에 대한 유전력은 복당 생시체중 평균(ABW), 복당 생시체중 표준편차(BWSD), 총 산자수(NB), 생존 산자수(NBA) 및 사산두수(NBD)에 대해 각각 0.32, 0.13, 0.11, 0.10, 및 0.06으로 추정되었다. 복당 생시체중 평균(ABW)과 복당 생시체중 표준편차(BWSD)는 0.75의 높은 정의 유전상관을 보인 반면생존 산자수(NBA)와 복당 생시체중 평균(ABW), 복당 생시체중 표준편차(BWSD)간의 유전상관은 각각 –0.26, -0.40로 생존 산자수(NBA)가 증가함에 따라 복당 생시체중 평균과 복내 개체간 체중의 표준편차는 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 생존 산자수(NBA)와 사산두수(NBD)간의 유전상관은 0.24로 생존 산자수(NBA)가 증가하면 사산두수(NBD)도 증가하는 유전적 관계를 나타내었다. 한편 복당 생시체중 평균(ABW)과 복당 생시체중 표준편차(BWSD), 사산두수(NBD), 총 산자수(NB)간의 유전상관은 각각0.75, 0.81과 0.08로 추정되어 복당 생시체중 평균(ABW)이 증가하면 총 산자수(NB)의 큰 변화 없이복당 생시체중 표준편차(BWSD), 사산두수(NBD)가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 결과로 미루어 볼 때유전력이 높은 복당 생시체중 평균(ABW)은 직접선발을 통한 빠른 개량이 가능한 반면 복당 생시체중표준편차(BWSD), 총 산자수(NB), 생존 산자수(NBA) 및 사산두수(NBD) 형질은 직접선발을 통한 개량효과가 낮을 것으로 판단된다. 특히 자돈 생시체중의 균일도를 개량하고자 한다면 복당 생시체중 표준편차(BWSD)에 대한 직접선발 방법과 더불어 복당 생시체중 평균(ABW)을 이용해 간접선발하는 방법또한 이용 가능할 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters of litter birth weight traitsand litter size traits of Duroc pigs in Korea. A total of 1,081 first parity farrowing records ofthe Duroc sows that were raised under the National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, wasanalysed in this study. The traits studied were the average litter birth weight (ABW), bodyweight standard deviation within-litter (BWSD), number of piglets born (NB), number of piglets born alive (NBA), and number of piglets born dead (NBD). A multiple-trait animal model wasused to estimate the (co)variance components of the studied traits. The estimated heritabilitiesfor ABW, BWSD, NB, NBA and NBD were 0.32, 0.13, 0.11, 0.10, and 0.06, respectively. Thegenetic correlations between BWSD and NB, BWSD and NBA, and BWSD and NBD were-0.23, -0.40, and 0.44 respectively. However, the genetic correlations between ABW and BWSD(0.75), ABW and NB (0.08), ABW and NBA (-0.26), ABW and NBD (0.81) varied widely inthe studied Duroc pigs. Similarly, several low to high genetic correlations were observedbetween NBA and NBD (0.24), NB and NBD (0.56), and between NB and NBA (0.93). Basedon the results found in this study, we conclude that either a direct selection on the BWSD traitor an indirect selection on the highly correlated trait of BWSD such as ABW trait would bebeneficial for the genetic improvement of the Korean Duroc herds.
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