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현장에서 반추동물의 장내 유래 메탄 발생량 측정 방법: 스니퍼 방법의 소개 및 활용성을 중심으로(총설)

The Methods for Measuring Enteric Methane Emissions from Ruminants in On-farm Condition: Focusing on the Introduction and Applicability of the Sniffer Method (Review)

이윤석|이홍구|이성대|김은중|조용호|김원섭|조장훈|오경환|주문수|노상건
동물생명과학연구소 (Institute of Animal Life Science)|2024.12|동물자원연구 (ANNALS OF ANIMAL RESOURCE SCIENCES)|제35권 제4호|pp. 117-137|DOI 10.12718/AARS.2024.35.4.117

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참고문헌

키워드

Cattle측정 방법메탄 배출반추동물장내 발효Enteric fermentationMethane EmissionMeasurement MethodSniffer method
주제분류축산학

초록

본 논문은 현장에서의 반추동물 대상 장내 유래 메탄 배출량 측정의 중요성에 대해 조사하며, 반추동물이 기후변화와 지구온난화에 미치는 중대한 영향을 고려하고 있다. 최근 반추동물에 의한 메탄 배출량 증가는 온실가스 발생량 증가와 더불어 지구온난화를 가속하고 있다. 메탄 배출량을 효과적으로 감축하고 적절한 온실가스 배출 저감 전략을 수립하기 위해서는 신뢰성 있는 메탄 배출량 측정 방법을 활용하여 실제 농가에서 배출하고 있는 메탄 배출량을 조사하여 현장에서 발생하는 실질적인 반추동물의 메탄 배출량의 현주소를 파악하는 작업이 우선시 되어야 한다. 본 총설은 기존 연구와 문헌을 종합하여 반추동물의 메탄 배출량을 측정하는 방법들에 대해 전반적으로 살펴보았으며, 메탄 배출량 측정 방법들의 개념, 원리 및 한계성을 소개하여 기존 방법 간의 비교를 용이하게 하고자 작성되었다. 농가 단위에서 반추동물의 장내 유래 메탄 배출량을 측정하기 위한 방법으로는 추적 가스법, LMD, 그린피드, 스니퍼 방식 등이 거론되는 상황이다. 이러한 측정 방법들은 국내에서 사양하는 반추동물에서 배출되는 메탄 배출량에 대한 방대한 데이터를 축적할 수 있는 잠재적인 도구로써 강조되었다. 그 중 본 총설은 국내 환경에서 농가에 보급하기 접근성이 용이한 메탄 배출량 측정 기술인 스니퍼 방법을 소개하며 국내 적용의 필요성 및 적용에 대한 필요성을 강조하였고, 이와 함께 현장용 메탄 측정 기술을 활용해 축적한 데이터를 바탕으로 추정 모델을 개발한 해외 사례를 제시하여, 이러한 사례들이 국내에서 사양 중인 반추동물을 대상으로 농가 단위로 메탄 배출량 데이터를 축적하여 메탄 배출량을 예측하는 추정 모델 개발이 이뤄진다면 정밀한 메탄 배출량 추정을 통해 실질적인 농가 단위 메탄 배출량의 현주소 파악을 비롯해 저탄소 사양관리 유도 등 다각적인 면으로 지속 가능한 축산에 이바지할 수 있음을 전망하고 있다.

Abstract

This review examines the importance of measuring practical enteric methane emissions from ruminants, considering their significant impact on global warming. Global warming is significantly driven by an increase in greenhouse gases, with rising methane (CH4) emissions from ruminants accelerating global warming recently. To successfully mitigate CH4 emissions and establish effective strategies, it is essential to apply reliable measurement techniques. This will allow for an accurate assessment of on-farm CH4 emissions. The priority should be to gather CH4 emission data that reflects the actual state of CH4 emissions from ruminants. The review provides an overview of the methods used to measure CH4 emissions from ruminants by compiling existing researches. It introduces the concepts, principles, and limitations of these methods to facilitate comparisons between existing approaches. This review discusses methods for measuring enteric CH4 emissions from ruminants at the farm level, including the tracer technique, laser methane detector, GreenFeed, and sniffer system. These methods are highlighted as potential tools to accumulate substantial data on on-farm CH4 emission from domestic animals with provides examples of international cases. Among these, this review introduces the Sniffer method, a CH4 emission measurement techniques that are suitable for on-farm use under domestic conditions, and emphasizes the necessity of its application. In addition, by presenting international cases where predictive models were developed based on on-farm CH4 measurement techniques, it is projected that if predictive models for CH4 emissions are developed by accumulating data at the farm level, it can contribute to sustainable livestock industry in various promising ways.

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