반추동물 장내발효 메탄가스 측정을 위한 호흡대사챔버의 개발
Development of a Respiration Metabolic Chamber for Measuring Enteric Methane Emissions from Ruminants
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초록
메탄가스는 주요 온실가스 중 하나로 반추동물의 장내발효를 통해 발생하며, 이러한 경로의 메탄가스는 대한민국 축산부문 총 온실가스 발생량의40% 이상을 차지한다. 이런 이유로 많은 연구자들은 반추동물에서 발생하는 메탄생성량을 줄이기 위한 시도를 계속해 왔다. 본 연구는 반추동물의메탄발생량을 측정하기 위해 호흡대사챔버를 개발하고 호흡대사챔버의 정확성을 검증하기 위해 실시하였다. 호흡대사챔버는 25.4 m3 크기로 스테인리스 플레이트로 내부를 완전히 밀폐하였다. 직경 Φ100의 공기 유입관과 배출관을 설치하였고, 공기 배출관에 에어모터를 설치하여 내부공기를 제거함과동시에 유입관을 통해 배출된 만큼의 공기가 외부에서 유입되도록 하였다. 챔버 내 메탄가스 회수기능을 검증하기 위해 메탄표준가스 5L를 각챔버에 주입하여 균일하게 확산시킨 후, 챔버 내부의 공기를 900 L/min의 속도로 제거하였다. 제거된 공기의 메탄가스 농도를 연속적으로 측정하여주입된 메탄가스와 비교함으로써 회수율을 평가하였다. 챔버 내 표준가스는 평균 100분에 완전히 제거되었으며, 메탄가스의 회수율은 평균 109 ± 6.7%로 측정되었다. 호흡대사챔버의 실제 이용성을 평가하기 위해, 평균체중 581.9 ± 33.8 kg 의 한우 거세우 4두에게 비육후기 배합사료 9 kg과 볏짚 1 kg을 급여하며 메탄발생량을 측정하였다. 한우의 장내발효에 의한 메탄발생량은 평균 236.4 ± 105.44 L/day로 측정되었다. 본 연구에서개발·검증한 호흡대사챔버는 국내 한우의 장내발효 메탄가스발생량 측정 시험에 적용 가능할 것이다.
Abstract
Methane, which is one of major greenhouse gases, is produced from enteric fermentation in ruminants. Methane emissions from ruminants are responsible for more than 40% of total greenhouse gas emissions in the livestock sector in the Republic of Korea. Therefore, many researchers have attempted to reduce methane emissions from ruminants. In the present study, we developed a respiration metabolic chamber to measure methane emissions from ruminants and evaluated its accuracy. The respiration metabolic chamber was made 25.4 m3 in size and was completely sealed with a stainless steel plate. An air inlet and discharge pipe with 100 mm diameter was installed in top of chamber, and the same amount of air discharged was entered into the chamber from the outside. For the recovery test, the methane standard gas (5L) was injected into each chamber with uniform diffusion, and air in the chamber was removed at a rate of 900 L/min. The recovery rate(%) was calculated by methane gas concentration of the removed air and comparing it with the injected standard methane gas. The standard gas in the chamber was removed in about 130 minutes, and the recovery rate of methane gas was measured as 109 ± 6.7% on the average. In order to evaluate applicability of the respiration metabolic chamber, methane emission was measured using 4 Hanwoo steers (581.9 ± 33.8 kg), which were fed 9 kg of concentrate and 1 kg of rice straw. The amount of methane emission from Hanwoo was measured to be 236.4 ± 105.44 L/day on average. The respiration metabolic chamber developed and verified in the present study will be applicable for the measurement of methane gas emissions from Hanwoo cattle.
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