Japan’s Dilemma and a Problem of the Right to Collective Self-Defense under the Guidelines
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This paper argues that closer defense cooperation between the Self-DefenseForces (SDF) of Japan and United States forces under the 1997 Guidelines for UnitedStates-Japan Defense Cooperation has brought about an issue of exercise of the rightto collective self-defense, which might infringe on Article 9 of Japan’s Constitution.The article explores Japan’s options in cases of emergencies such as those in Japan,the Taiwan Strait, and the Korean peninsula and concludes that Japan has no choicebut to follow U.S. policy as long as it maintains a Treaty of Mutual Cooperation andSecurity between the United States of America and Japan. The United States fullyunderstands the importance of Japan’s strategic location to its security, particularlyOkinawa’s. From Okinawa, U.S. forces could easily cover the Korean peninsula,China, and Taiwan. Therefore, the United States will not give up its bases in Japan,and so the argument of a “fear of abandonment” on the side of Japan is a myth.The article further examines the importance of the 2001 dispatch of the MaritimeSDF to the Indian Ocean and the 2004 dispatch of the Ground SDF to Iraq from theviewpoint of the right to collective self-defense and Article 9. It also analyzes Japan’srecent defense efforts. utilizing the concepts of alliance dilemma and complex securitydilemma. Finally, the article concludes that a new Japan with the right to collectiveself-defense would become more assertive in conducting its foreign policy using theSDF overseas. Such a Japan would have an impact on security in East Asia, causinga problem for China and both Koreas.The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis , Vol. XIX, No. 3, Fall 2007, pp. 145166.
Abstract
This paper argues that closer defense cooperation between the Self-DefenseForces (SDF) of Japan and United States forces under the 1997 Guidelines for UnitedStates-Japan Defense Cooperation has brought about an issue of exercise of the rightto collective self-defense, which might infringe on Article 9 of Japan’s Constitution.The article explores Japan’s options in cases of emergencies such as those in Japan,the Taiwan Strait, and the Korean peninsula and concludes that Japan has no choicebut to follow U.S. policy as long as it maintains a Treaty of Mutual Cooperation andSecurity between the United States of America and Japan. The United States fullyunderstands the importance of Japan’s strategic location to its security, particularlyOkinawa’s. From Okinawa, U.S. forces could easily cover the Korean peninsula,China, and Taiwan. Therefore, the United States will not give up its bases in Japan,and so the argument of a “fear of abandonment” on the side of Japan is a myth.The article further examines the importance of the 2001 dispatch of the MaritimeSDF to the Indian Ocean and the 2004 dispatch of the Ground SDF to Iraq from theviewpoint of the right to collective self-defense and Article 9. It also analyzes Japan’srecent defense efforts. utilizing the concepts of alliance dilemma and complex securitydilemma. Finally, the article concludes that a new Japan with the right to collectiveself-defense would become more assertive in conducting its foreign policy using theSDF overseas. Such a Japan would have an impact on security in East Asia, causinga problem for China and both Koreas.The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis , Vol. XIX, No. 3, Fall 2007, pp. 145166.