청소년의 사회 망 지향 : 사회적 지지 과정과 심리적 적응을 중심으로
Adolescent's Social Network Orientation: Social Support Processes and Psychological Adjustment
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초록
Tolsdorf(1976)에 의해 소개된 ‘사회 망 지향(social network orientation)’은 사회 망 구성원들의 잠재적 유용성에 대해 개인이 가지는 믿음과 태도이다. 사회적 지지과정은 보통 개인이 사회 망으로부터 도움을 요청하는 행동에서 시작되므로 개인의 긍정적인 사회 망 지향은 사회적 지지의 효율적인 기능에 중요한 역할을 한다고 할 수 있다. 상담과정도 개인이 전문적인 도움의 필요성을 느끼고 도움을 구하는 것에서 시작한다는 점을 고려할 때 내담자의 사회적 지지 망에 대한 지향을 이해하는 것은 상담계획을 수립하고 효과적인 상담을 진행하는데 도움이 될 것이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 사회 망 지향에 관한 최근 연구의 개관을 통해 사회 망 지향의 개념을 소개하고, 사회 망 지향의 발달에 영향을 미치는 변인과, 사회 망 지향이 다양한 측면의 사회적 지지과정과 개인의 심리적 적응에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 본 개관을 통해 사회 망 지향은 개인의 사회적 지지 망의 발달, 유지, 이용 및 지각에 중요한 영향을 미치며 청소년의 심리적인 적응을 예측할 수 있는 중요한 변인임을 알 수 있었다. 논의에서는 청소년 문제 및 개입에 대한 시사점과 후속 연구에 대한 제언이 있었다.
Abstract
As one of the individual characteristics in the development of the social network, network orientation has recently received attention in social support research. Tolsdorf(1976) first introduced social network orientation to explain individual differences in the tendency to seek help. Social support process usually requires an individual's help seeking behavior from social network, but people may differ markedly in their willingness to ask for aid. Thus, an individual's positive network orientation may play a significant role in the effectiveness of social support and counseling for adolescents. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review recent research on network orientation. Specifically, the factors that influence the development of an individual's network orientation and the effect of network orientation on the various aspects of social support process and well-being are examined. The implications of previous findings on social network are discussed in relation to counseling and intervention process for adolescents.
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