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Rapprochement amid Mounting Security Concerns: The 1998–2007 Inter–Korean Reconciliation as Hegemonic Projects

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한국국방연구원 (Korea Institute for Defense Analyses)|2019.06|The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis|제31권 제2호|pp. 251-271|DOI 10.22883/kjda.2019.31.2.005

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키워드

Gramsciengagement policyhegemonic projectinter–Korean relationsinter–Korean reconciliationnational–popular

초록

The 1998–2007 inter–Korean reconciliation was paradoxical because there were aggravating military tensions during the same period. To solve the security puzzle, this paper employs a Gramscian approach and argues that the reconciliation was pursued as hegemonic projects by the ruling political groups in North and South Korea. In South Korea, the economic crisis in 1997 led counter-hegemonic liberal nationalists to take political power, and the new ruling political group implemented the engagement policy toward Pyongyang to attain hegemony. In North Korea, the existing ruling political group sought to reconcile with Seoul, mostly for material gains to maintain hegemony by stopping the ongoing economic crisis from developing into a political crisis without a full–scale reform of the system. In the process, each capitalized on unication nationalism, which had a strong national– popular force because of the division of Korea. The rapprochement was carried out primarily to exhibit their contributions to unication, which could be signicantly conducive to their winning the domestic struggle for hegemony.

Abstract

The 1998–2007 inter–Korean reconciliation was paradoxical because there were aggravating military tensions during the same period. To solve the security puzzle, this paper employs a Gramscian approach and argues that the reconciliation was pursued as hegemonic projects by the ruling political groups in North and South Korea. In South Korea, the economic crisis in 1997 led counter-hegemonic liberal nationalists to take political power, and the new ruling political group implemented the engagement policy toward Pyongyang to attain hegemony. In North Korea, the existing ruling political group sought to reconcile with Seoul, mostly for material gains to maintain hegemony by stopping the ongoing economic crisis from developing into a political crisis without a full–scale reform of the system. In the process, each capitalized on unication nationalism, which had a strong national– popular force because of the division of Korea. The rapprochement was carried out primarily to exhibit their contributions to unication, which could be signicantly conducive to their winning the domestic struggle for hegemony.

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Cooperation under the Security Dilemma: Evolving Inter-Korean Relations in the Early 1990s이구한국국방연구원 · The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis2005 · 제17권 제3호RECASTING THE ‘INTER-KOREA’ IN NATIONAL RECONCILIATION성민규한국학연구원 · Acta Koreana2012 · 제15권 제1호Power Transition and Inter-Korean Dialogue in the Early 1970s우승지한국학중앙연구원 · Korea Journal2016 · 제56권 제2호The Park Chung-hee Administration amid Inter-Korean Reconciliation in the Détente Period: Changes in the Threat Perception, Regime Characteristics, and the Distribution of Power우승지한국학중앙연구원 · Korea Journal2009 · 제49권 제2호The Rise and Fall of Inter-Korean Rapprochement: Shock, Leadership Change, Threat Perception and Strategic Calculation우승지통일학연구원 · Journal of Peace and Unification2025 · 제15권 제3호1. Theorization of Kim Dae Jung’s Pursuit of Inter-Korean Economic Exchanges: 2. Complex interdependence model성기영한국세계지역학회 · 세계지역연구논총2012 · 제30권 제2호

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