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상담자의 자해개입 전문성 자기 지각 척도의 개발 및 타당화

Development and Validation of the Counselors’ Professional Scale for Self-Injury Behaviors

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초록

본 연구의 목적은 자살의도가 없는 자해내담자의 치료적 개입을 위한 상담자의 전문성에 대한 자기 지각을 평정하는 도구를 개발하고 타당화하는 것이다. 이를 위해 선행연구와 기존 척도의 고찰 및 심층면접 결과를 토대로 162문항의 1차 예비척도를 제작한 후, 내용타당도와 안면타당도 검증 및 사전검사를 거쳐 52문항의 2차 예비척도를 제작하였다. 이후 상담자 214명으로부터 자료를 수집하여 요인분석 등의 방법을 통해 최종적으로 위기평가와 탐색, 정서적 지원과 관리, 인지와 행동의 변화 촉진, 자원 연계, 자해개입 효능감의 5요인 18문항으로 구성된 상담자의 자해개입 전문성 자기 지각 척도를 개발하였다. 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 5요인 모형이 적합함을 확인하였고, 공인타당도 검증을 위해 상관분석을 실시한 결과, 자해내담자에 대한 태도 척도와는 부적 상관을, 상담위기대처 자기효능감 척도와는 정적 상관을 보임으로써 척도의 타당성을 검증하였다. 아울러 본 연구에서 개발한 척도의 활용방안 및 연구의 제한점과 추후 연구과제를 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a scale designed to assess counselors' perceptions of their expertise that is required to use effective counseling interventions for clients who self-harm without suicidal intentions. To this end, an initial pool of 162 items was created based on an extensive literature review on prior research and existing scales and results from in-depth interviews. After examination of content validity and face validity and pilot test, a scale comprised of 52 items was developed. A survey with these 52 items was conducted with 214 counselors, and the data were analyzed using factor analyses which resulted in a total of 18 items finally, consisting of 5 factors, including “crisis assessment and exploration”, “emotional support and management”, “promoting changes in cognition and behavior”, “networking resources”, and “self-injury intervention efficacy”. Factor analysis confirmed that the five-factor model was appropriate, and correlation analyses verified the concurrent validity: this new scale was negatively and significantly correlated with the Self-Harm Antipathy Scale(SHAS) and was positively and significantly correlated with the Counseling Coping with Crises Self-Efficacy Scale demonstrating satisfactory validity. Limitations of the study as well as the practical use of the scale developed in this study were discussed.

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