Toward Functioning Alignment: Future Developments of Defense Cooperation between South Korea and Japan
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The need for defense cooperation between South Korea and Japan has recently gained emphasis, driven by a shared recognition of common threats, such as North Korea’s nuclear missile provocations and China’s attempts to change the status quo. However, despite this shared understanding of shared threats, the respective geostrategic environments surrounding the two countries and their political dynamics are likely to pose substantial obstacles to bilateral cooperation. To address these challenges, this study proposes a functional and incremental cooperation approach. Functional cooperation represents a realistic alternative for two countries to institutionalize a quasi-alliance structure aligned with their alliance with the United States. Even in the absence of favorable conditions and without a formal alliance, it enables collective deterrence between two nations with a history of adversity. Policy commitment to such bilateral cooperation is a critical factor in fostering a stable security environment in the region in the future.
Abstract
The need for defense cooperation between South Korea and Japan has recently gained emphasis, driven by a shared recognition of common threats, such as North Korea’s nuclear missile provocations and China’s attempts to change the status quo. However, despite this shared understanding of shared threats, the respective geostrategic environments surrounding the two countries and their political dynamics are likely to pose substantial obstacles to bilateral cooperation. To address these challenges, this study proposes a functional and incremental cooperation approach. Functional cooperation represents a realistic alternative for two countries to institutionalize a quasi-alliance structure aligned with their alliance with the United States. Even in the absence of favorable conditions and without a formal alliance, it enables collective deterrence between two nations with a history of adversity. Policy commitment to such bilateral cooperation is a critical factor in fostering a stable security environment in the region in the future.