일제강점기 경남지역의 의열투쟁과 지역성 －1920년대 초 의열단의 활동을 중심으로－

Abstract

The subjective and objective condition of Busan and Miyang areas where heroic struggle started is as follows; First of all, as Busan and Milyang were the areas where lots of Japanese people advanced into at an early stage, racial and class conflict and the neglect of Korean residential districts in these areas deepened. In case of Busan, as Japanese people advanced into Choryang area with the opening of Busan port, Choryang Korean village was developed, and some of Korean people grew into merchants and industrialists, however, most of them were isolated from their land and relegated to Korean villages in Youngjoo-dong or Busanjin. Meanwhile, as Busan port made its position secure as the gateway to the continent and the land reclamation was pushed ahead continuously to secure space in the city, the Korean village in Busanjin became the center of the land reclamation during the Japanese colonial period. As the newly created land by the land reclamation expanded as the logistics hub and industrial sites, the Korean village in Busanjin which located behind this area degenerated into a residential area for the Korean laborers working in the logistics and industrial sites. As Japanese people advanced inland through the Nakdong River and the Gyeongbu railroad line after the opening of the port, extensive farming village construction for Japanese settlers and Japanese big landowners’ land plunder according to Japanese colonization imposed more burden on Milyang. Dongyang Colonization Company (Dongyangcheoksik Stock Company) owned lots of land around Sangnam-myeon near Milyang-myeon and it was not too much to say that most of Korean people there made their livings as tenant farmers. And Japanese big landowners’ land plunder deepened enough to construct a farming village, which was created by Yuasa Hanbei (湯淺凡平). In addition, as a Japanese street with Milyang station as the center was constructed and Eupchi-ro (Eupchi street) expanded, friction between Japanese and Korean people severely deepened. Therefore the Samil Independence Movement in the two districts extensively and continuously took place. Even though the objective condition for heroic struggle matured, it does not always take place. When the subjective condition is connected with the objective one, it can take place as a historical event. The subjective condition of heroic struggle in Busan and Miyang areas was especially evident through a network of communication of the members related to heroic struggle. The people who had something to do with heroic struggle had blood relationship each other at first, and then their relationship expanded to their school ties, so they had close relationship since their childhood. In Miyang, Kim, Won-bong, Yoon, Se-joo, Yoon, Chi-hyeong, Han, Bong-in and Han, Bong-geun had family ties as well as school ties through Milyang Public Elementary School and Donghwa School. In Busan, Park, Jae-hyeok, Choi, Cheon-taik and Oh, Taek had no family ties, but they had very close relationship enough to form brotherly ties, and they had school ties through Yookyoung School and Busan Commercial School. In addition, as such blood relationship and school ties were connected with the objective condition for heroic struggle, it was possible to form anti-Japanese organizations like Ilhapsa, Yeonmoodan, and Goosedan, and have close relations with similar organizations in other areas. It was necessary to form solidarity as well as cooperate with the people concerned because heroic struggle was based on special secrecy and sacrifice of the people concerned. Therefore they jumped into struggle for independence with their moral obligation, that is, selfsacrifice for national independence under relationship through blood relationship, school ties and regionalism which had been established since their childhood.