1920년대 서간도 지역 친일단체의 활동과 동향 -安東朝鮮人會와 滿洲保民會를 중심으로-

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describes the activities and trends of the Andong Chosun People’s Association(安東朝鮮人會, hereinafter the Association) and the Manchurian Chosun People Protection Society(滿洲保民會, hereinafter the Protection Society), which were most well-known Korean pro-Japanese organizations in Seogan­do(西間島) from the 1910s to the 1920s. During the Japanese colonial period, Seogan­do was the main residence of migrant Koreans, along with Gando(間島). Most of Koreans in Seogan­do were poor farmers. However, unlike the Aprok lower region, this area was not affected by Japan and Korean independence movement group had a strong influence. Under these circumstances, there were differences in the activities and characteristics of Korean pro-Japanese organizations in this area, which belonged to the lower of the Aprok. Until the March in 1919, the representative Korean pro-Japanese group in Seogan­do was Andong Chosun People’s Union(安東朝鮮人組合, hereinafter the Union). Since its establishment in 1913, the Union has its headquarters in Andong and has established branches in the lower Aprok as well as the upper middle region. From March Independence Movement, however, there were intensive attacks by the independence movement group and participation of some cadres in the opposition. As a result, the Union was not able to work. In response, Japan tried to dissolve the Union and replace it with the Protection Society. However, with concern about the Koreans' opposition and the need to check the Protection Society, it was concluded to establish branches of the Protection Society in the Andong Consulate's jurisdiction and change the name of the Union to the Association. That is to say, two pro-Japanese organizations existed in Seogan­do. Since then, the Protection Society has expanded its organization to 50,000 members. In 1924, however, Japan decided to dissolve it, Japan appointed the head of the Association in Seogan­do. However, most of the Association cadres, including the branch director, were formerly related to the Union or the Protection Society. In order to encourage the Association, Japan has given more subsidies and salaries to the Association cadres than those in the lower regions. Unlike the relatively diverse activities in the lower regions, such as encourage seeking works or side jobs, its activities was not visible. This difference was due to the fact that active activities were not possible in the situation where the threat of the independence group remained in Seogan­do, unlike the Aprok downstream region where stable activities were possible under Japanese influence until the 1930s. On the other hand, the activities of pro-Japanese Koreans were more consistent. Since 1924, they were appointed as heads of the Association. After the March in 1919, they continued their pro-Japanese activities even in the circumstances of their own death as well as their families. However, it is wondering the tendency of the Association did lead to the activities. This is a limitation and feature of the activities of the Korean Pro-Japanese group in Seogan­do, which was able to survive only under the support and influence of Japan.