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러시아와 OPEC의 협력관계: 국제유가 하락시를 중심으로

Prospects on Cooperative Relationship between Russia and OPEC

이유신
세종연구소 (The Sejong Institute)|2004.12|국가전략 (National Strategy)|제10권 제4호|pp. 61-93

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참고문헌

키워드

러시아협력cooperationRussiaoilOPECSaudi Arabia사우디아라비아석유
주제분류정치외교학

초록

이 글은 러시아와 OPEC의 협력관계를 이해해 보려는 시도이다. 냉전 이후 급격한 국력의 쇠퇴를 경험한 러시아가1998년 경제위기 이후 지금까지 국제무대에서 큰 영향력을 행사할 수 있는 분야가 바로 국제석유시장이다. 1998년의 경제위기에 의한 루블화 가치의 절하와 1999년의 국제유가 상승에 힘입어 러시아의 석유생산량은 급격히 증가해 2002년 한때 최대 산유국인 사우디아라비아의 석유생산량을 앞질렀고, 2001년부터 현재까지 러시아는 사우디아라비아 다음으로 석유를 많이 수출하고 있다. 이러한 상황속에서 러시아와 OPEC의 관계는 지대한 의미를 함축하고 있다. 특히, 국제석유시장에서 OPEC의 비중이 줄어든 현재 석유수급의 불안에서 기인하는 유가불안 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 OPEC과 러시아의 협력이 필요했다. 하지만 이러한 협력의 필요성은 자동적으로 러시아와 OPEC의 협력으로 이어지지는 않았다. 이 글은 그 이유를 밝히고 향후 러시아와 OPEC이 진정한 의미의 협력체제를 구축할 수 있는지를 전망해 보았다.

Abstract

This article examines relationship between Russia and OPEC. After the end of Cold War Russia’s influence in world politics greatly decreased due to the country’s dramatic power decline. Yet, after the late 1990s Russia emerged as a “superpower” especially in the area of international oil market. In these conditions, necessity arose for cooperative relationship between Russian and OPEC to maintain stable oil price. However, this necessity did not automatically led to cooperative relationship between these two oil-producing organizations. This article identifies two primary reasons for this, both internal and external. It then provides prospects on cooperative relationship between Russia and OPEC.

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